Discusses the results of a study of high school students that was conducted to convey their attitudes and experiences to parents, administrators, and teachers. Topics include the stress that students are under to produce good grades and meet expectations; and feeling that showing achievement is more important than learning. (LRW)

Scores for academic performance, adaptive functioning, DSM-oriented scales, and empirically based scales on the Teacher's Report Form were compared for demographically similar samples of 7- to 16-year-old students assessed in 1981, 1989, and 1999. Problem scores increased from 1981 to 1989 and decreased from 1989 to 1999, with all effect sizes…

Higher education enrollment in Germany is mainly influenced by social origin. High unemployment risk and a high expected wage premium seem to increase enrollment probability; a higher propensity of unemployment or part-time employment decreases it. Extending the coverage of public financial support seems to be more efficient in increasing…

Explains author's visions and expectations for the development of a community in his second grade classroom. Proposes that positive emotional bonds are basic to learning. Describes how specific literacy rituals provided safe contexts for sharing literacy and lives in ways that have an impact on both literacy learning and on building a community of…

Examines the history and diversity of research on interpersonal expectancy effects, showing that the expectations of psychological researchers, teachers, courtroom judges, business executives, and health care providers can unintentionally affect the responses of their research participants, students, jurors, employees, and patients. Uses…

A large California school district provides on-the-job management training at building and central office levels for 10 promising school employees (including teachers) annually. Trainees develop 15 administrative competencies through hands-on experience and exposure to 4 activities: working with mentors, district seminars, training sessions, and…

Examined student (N=188) responses to measures of Expectancy and Valence to six male- and six female-dominated careers. Found that Expectancy X Valence interaction for occupation accounted for variance in choosing occupation; gender differences were marked and consistent across expectancy, valence, and likelihood of choosing occupation, varying…

To determine racial bias, questionnaires were distributed to members of community organizations and institutions. Respondents also viewed different versions of the same film depicting a store robbery with actors of different races playing various roles. Results indicated that race was not a very influential factor. Tables included. (MW)

Uses expectancy-value theory to untangle student perceptions of soap opera viewing. Indicates (1) that anticipated entertainment and social interaction are powerful expectations, whose effects are mediated by affective and cognitive factors; and (2) that self-concept also plays a major role in determining exposure levels. (SR)

Organizations sometimes find themselves doing things they don't really choose due to: (1) action anxiety, (2) negative fantasies, (3) fear of separation, and (4) reversal of risk and certainty. Application is made to psychoeducational testing in the field of learning disabilities. (DB)

From sample of 599, 276 adult participants in Ohio Cooperative Extension Service (OCES) programs completed questionnaire that revealed five influences on decision to participate: anticipated quality of information, social involvement, difficulties with arrangements, commitment to OCES, and internal motivation. They were most satisfied when they…

Retired professors (n=57) were administered the Expectations About Counseling (EAC) questionnaire. Results indicate that previous counseling experience and marital status were significant predictors of EAC scale score. Gender, area of residence, income, and religiosity did not predict expectations about counseling significantly. (JPS)

A computer-assisted interview elicited responses from 110 high school and college students, revealing a common belief that the returns to a college education are positive, earnings rise between ages 30 and 40, and their own future earnings are uncertain. Respondents tended to overestimate the current degree of earnings inequality in the United…

Four professional groups (totaling 567 subjects) were surveyed regarding their prognoses for individuals with mental retardation. Results showed that physicians had significantly lower expectations and more pessimistic prognoses for children with moderate or severe mental retardation than did other professionals (psychologists, social workers, and…

A critical analysis of recent elementary arts curricula from Quebec, Saskatchewan, British Columbia, and Ontario (Canada) relies on the discussion of transmission, transaction, and transformation of J. P. Miller and W. Seller (1990). Problematic issues about expectations of art education and instruction are explored. (SLD)