Laboratory and a field studies contrasted the egotism and expectancy-covariance approaches to attribution for achievement outcomes. Subjects' expectations and the basis of these expectations were varied and outcomes were then manipulated. Results supported egotism, suggesting that motivational factors can determine attributions to ability and task…

While the value of graduate education in business, whether paid for by companies or individuals, should not be unequivocally denied, corporate policies should be re-examined to permit the firm to maximize the return from a tuition refund plan rather than being the unsuspecting loser. (Author)

Examines teachers' perceptions of pupil ability and determines whether their perceptions are distorted in any systematic way by the order or sequence of information they receive about the pupil. (Author/RK)

Results indicate that subjects scored better when tested by an experimenter of the opposite sex and also that there is some tendency for experimenters to receive scores from their subjects in accordance with their expectations of the subject's performance. (JD)

Capsule summaries of eight projects reveal clues to key findings in educational research. (MB)

College teachers must take care not to treat students as a homogeneous, passive mass audience and equate lecturing with classroom control. Rather, they should judge teaching success by what students can do at course's end, reinforce desired intellectual behavior, test in ways that allow students to show abilities, and learn to interpret student…

International students in American legal education may need explicit information about our legal culture and its logic. A contrastive approach to studying law can serve all students by putting cultural and disciplinary differences in relief, revealing roots of our own logic and biases. Such an approach requires law faculty to explore other legal…

Interviewed parents and staff of Stepping Stones, a project to transition severely disabled children from home-based intervention program to preschool, to identify concerns and information needs. Found that parents were unsure about educational objectives for non-disabled children at the preschool and were therefore uncertain about what to expect…

The perceived relationship between marriage and achievement among 167 women graduates (ages 45-65) of the University of Michigan was analyzed. Women believed they had high potential for achievement because of perceived spousal commitment to shared family goals and domestic chores, whereas women with less or no support reported achievement was…

This study examined the management techniques used by high school physical education teachers immediately before (preactive) and after (reactive) student behavior. Eight teachers were videotaped as they each taught four lessons. Results indicated that teachers used 28 different management techniques and overwhelmingly preferred tutorial strategies…

Current efforts to identify content and curriculum standards overlook individual students' needs. Visionary standards and benchmarks serve only to establish targets for learning. The companion variables of student interest and background, learning styles, instructional methods, and learning time must also be addressed. All demand a personalized…

Describes in economic and mathematical terms the learning production process at the individual level. Presents a model to determine which factors influence this process. Tests the model, using data from two widely divergent learning situations, ranging from lecture-oriented college economics courses to programmed instruction to learn eighth-grade…

Using Ernest Boyer's categories of scholarly activity, a framework for scholarly contribution was developed and is currently used at the DePaul University (Illinois) School for New Learning. The framework includes assumptions regarding scholarship, expectations for faculty scholarly activity, and definitions and criteria for four forms of…

Explores the relationship between pupil attainments on British National Curriculum Tests at the end of Key Stage 2, teacher assessments, and several pupil characteristics, such as gender and age) using representative samples drawn from schools in England from 1996-1998. Finds levels of agreement between teacher assessments and test results…

Proposes lotto games as a source of problems and exercises for classroom activities as well as applications of basic probability concepts in a practical setting which leads to a greater understanding of the remote chance anyone has of winning a lottery game. (KHR)