Using data on eighth-grade students from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988, this study compared parent expectations for students with visual impairment, hearing impairment, deafness, orthopedic impairment, or no disability. Parental educational expectations were higher for students with disabilities than for those without. Student…

A model based on the immigrant's experience is proposed to explain the social and psychological dimensions of the student's transition from high school to college. The freshman-year experience is viewed as a process of resocialization to a new cultural environment involving culture shock, new language learning, and internalization of academic,…

Investigated whether the combination of race, class, and gender resulted in extreme expectancy confirmation when applied to black, lower class, male children. Results from studying elementary school children show the areas of race, social class, and gender do have an effect on how one is academically evaluated, with race having the most consistent…

Although differentiated learning for high-ability students in heterogeneous classrooms is as important as for other children, gifted students' needs are frequently overlooked. Instead of offering extra credit, teachers should compact the curriculum, design alternative learning experiences, allow differentiated pacing, and agree on expectations.…

Students with disabilities are required by law to participate in state and district assessments and performance reports. High-stakes testing is a significant part of standards-based reform and educational accountability. There are many potential negative and positive consequences of high-stakes testing for students with disabilities. Educators…

In this study of conservative Christians' expectations of counseling, 100 participants rated their expectations of the behaviors and attitudes of a non-Christian counselor. Results suggest highly religious Christians expected more in-session religious behaviors from a non-Christian counselor. Both moderate and highly conservative Christians…

Interviews with 55 of 260 adults who completed Access courses and progressed to British universities revealed areas in which they felt the courses left them underprepared: conducting library research, using information technology and the Internet, writing essays, and practicing for exams. They would have preferred a grading system similar to that…

Outlines challenges to classroom technology use (unrealistic expectations; hardware, software, and network reliability; copyright considerations; service capability; technological literacy; technological limitations; time; facility limitations; maintenance; working hours) and argues that while technological developments outstrip education's…

Describes the development of the Readiness Inventory (RI), a measure of readiness for first grade. The RI was completed on 139 first-grade children and analyzed using a model of Item Response Theory. Findings indicate that behaviors dealing with academic skills are less indicative of readiness than abilities dealing with role-governed behaviors or…

Fournier, coordinator of the School Achievement Indicators Program (SAIP), claims that score differences are associated with linguistic and gender differences. These results have long been substantiated. The expectation-setting process has little reliability or validity. SAIP does not help teachers, and should not determine what students learn.…

Examines research on sex differences in expectations regarding compliance-related behaviors and the resulting implications for early childhood practice. Identifies sex differences in problem-solving competence and the possible contribution of sex differences in compliance to and dependence on adults. Presents strategies to help preschoolers learn…

Explores the experiences of one preschool teacher as she introduced story writing activities into her classroom, including changes in teacher expectations. Describes children's story writing, which used pictures and letter-like forms, and notes the relationship between child temperament and eagerness to share stories with other children. Describes…

Comparison of 68 college students (most aged 18-22) with 83 adults 23 and over revealed significant differences in the expected income of students and actual income of nonstudents and in the amount of credit card debt. Those who perceived themselves as savers and their significant others as spenders reported significantly higher levels of…

Used a national sample to examine the influences of parent involvement in students' education on students' postsecondary educational expectations, assessing parent involvement during eighth grade and educational expectations 6 years later. Student-reported home-based parental involvement most strongly predicted high educational expectations.…

Four kinds of reputed evidence for semilingualism or limited bilingualism are rejected as spurious or irrelevant. An alternative explanation of school failure among language minority children focuses on the lack of first-language support and the absence of comprehensible instruction in content-area knowledge. Implications for bilingual education…