Constant-order paired-associate lists were used in which the numbers 1-24 were stimulus terms, and 24 nouns were response terms. The order of the nouns was varied across five lists to produce a different number of the hierarchical conceptual levels in the lists. There were two degrees of original learning and three types of retention tests after…

If American schools are to be held accountable for pupil achievement, a reliable means of determining the difference between a child's actual achievement and his learning potential must be found. This study examines the utilization of composite measures of a pupil's base level of performance as effective predictors of learning expectancy. In…

The determination of whether school social status is independently associated with college aspirations among a sample of white high school seniors was the purpose of this study. The sample was composed of 6,127 white 1967 graduating seniors in the Kansas City Metropolitan Area high schools. College aspirations were measured in terms of college…

Analyzing the reasons that Mexican Americans drop out of school, this thesis also examined the educational and occupational status projections of these dropouts, compared to their peers still in school. Data from 4 Texas counties--Dimmit, Maverick, Starr, and Zapata--were gathered on 596 Mexican American students in 1967 and on 74 Mexican American…

A test was made to determine whether high expectancy prediction (the Rosenthal effect) would significantly effect reading achievement and IQ scores for tenth-grade students. Random samples of 112 students each were drawn from the tenth grade of a New Jersey high school representing a wide distribution of socioeconomic levels. The Sequential Tests…

A series of studies on observer biases revealed that simply informing observers of experimental hypotheses does not produce observational data consonant with those hypotheses. However, questionnaire responses following an experiment with different induced expectations does produce global data consonant with experimental hypotheses. In addition, if…

A course in forming, decorating, glazing, and firing pottery is presented. Upon completion of the course, the student will be expected to be familiar with all terms and characteristics connected with pottery and ceramics, and he will be expected to be able to properly handle and form clay. Course content includes the history of clay handling,…

This report contains (1) a description of a referral and behavior rating form for trainable children; (2) a description of its development; (3) estimated age norms; and (4) data obtained from reliability, expectation, and mock referral studies. The form was developed as a means by which referral agencies can quickly and accurately obtain…

In order to provide access to widely scattered literature, this review surveyed studies of occupational and educational aspirations and expectations for U.S. subjects from preschool through grade 12 and selected studies of older subjects. The review consists of two sections: (a) a text integrating relevant data, and (b) an annotated bibliography…

Papers collected in this volume were presented at the Fifth Annual Blumberg Symposium on Research in Early Childhood Education, held at Johns Hopkins University in 1974. Selections include "Alexia" (D. Frank Benson), "Young Children's Expectations for Reading" (Doris R. Entwisle), "Relations between Acquisition of…

Goals for educational attainment were studied in eleventh grade students. The males aspired to and expected higher levels of attainment. At higher aspiration levels, the discrepancy between aspiration and expectation was greater for females. Both socioeconomic background and academic ability had a greater effect on educational ambition for males.…

Sex role research shows that (1) some achievement differences are related to students' sex role perceptions and teacher expectations, (2) effects on students of textbook bias against females have not been clearly demonstrated, and (3) instruction designed to reduce sex role stereotyping has had mixed results. (Author/AV)

China's national leadership is committed to a vast upgrading of education, and the pervasive spirit of reform in economics and politics is leading to higher expectations of higher education. Reforms are targeted in the system's structure, deemphasis on specialization, new emphasis on applied science, and faculty qualifications and productivity.…

Describes a longitudinal case study focusing on teacher and principal expectations, satisfaction, and attitudes toward curriculum devlopment. Relates these three factors to the resulting process and product. Participants' perspectives heavily influenced their views of both process and product. Includes 13 notes and 11 tables. (MLH)

Questionnaire responses of Israeli headmasters (N=110) on the introduction of microcomputers in their schools for handicapped children revealed a common emphasis on cognitive skill training and basic skill development with the hope that the computer's characteristics (clear-cut goals, feedback, adaptable pace, high response rate) would facilitate…