In an effort to explain early maternal adaptation, a longitudinal study aimed to delineate the relative importance of maternal expectations for infant behavior, maternal descriptions of infant temperament, and the interaction of these variables, as proposed in the Goodness of Fit model. Infant temperament was considered an environmental variable,…

Emphasizing the possible influence of cultural factors on peer play of infants and toddlers in out-of-home settings, this study focuses on how values held by parent surrogates who design and work in group care settings may affect environmental qualities, developmental expectations, and adult and peer interactions. Specifically, cultural values and…

In a study of whether more student control and responsibility in the classroom would cause them to feel more positive about a task and to like their co-workers better, 57 undergraduates were asked to complete an 8 statement questionnaire on how much control they would be willing to allow others working with them. They were placed in pairs with…

Cognitive biases that may affect learning by college presidents and the effects of these biases on the presidency and higher education were studied. Based on a recent study of presidential judgment under uncertainty, data were obtained on the perceptions of 252 campus chief executive officers concerning institutional leadership and quality, and…

Most of the 10 publications reviewed in this annotated bibliography focus on the principals' role in communicating high expectations for student achievement. The first article describes techniques principals can use to encourage excellence, such as complimenting teachers for exemplary efforts, carefully monitoring instruction via supervision and…

To provide farm employers with a clearer understanding of what is required to attract qualified people for responsible positions and agricultural students with an overview of substantial job opportunities in farm employment, this study summarized agricultural employment trends, reviewed research findings in occupational development, surveyed…

A study investigated the relationship among teacher problem solving style, classroom behaviors, and susceptibility to the expectancy phenomenon (the possibility that pupil classroom performance can be influenced by a teacher's attitudes, beliefs, and actions). Based on Elkind's conceptual shift experiments (1966), 12 elementary school teachers…

The paper describes research examining the interrelationships among cognitive, linguistic, and social development in a sample of dysphasic children (having severe linguistic problems disproportionate to cognitive abilities) using microprocessors as a special diagnostic and training environment. Two studies are described; the first (the Comparison…

A multivariate correlational study examined interrelationships among personal and contextual variables and early childhood administrators' willingness to implement computer technology. A total of 80 administrators of programs in the state of Illinois with a licensed capacity of 80 or more participated in the study. Dependent variables included…

An expectancy of criticism scale was devised in order to measure children's expectations of giving criticism to and receiving criticism from different agents for public achievement efforts in class. Scores on the Children's Social Desirability Scale (CSD) and teacher ratings of amount of criticism the children received and of their participation…

In order to assess the degree to which teachers' expectations are related to children's social class characteristics, 96 elementary school teachers of lower and middle-upper class children were asked to judge performance potential and related characteristics, including SES background, from a set of photographs of black and white children.…

A sample of 176 Tennessee children and their mothers were studied in 1969 when the children were fifth or sixth graders and again in 1975 when they were eleventh or twelfth graders to determine changes in occupational and educational aspirations and expectations along with possible causes for such changes. Comparison of occupational aspirations…

Retirement research which focuses on retiring white males is not relevant to the emerging group of minority retirees. The retirement decision-making and perceptions about retirement among almost equal numbers of Blacks, Latinos, and Anglos (N=595) in Denver and San Diego were examined to investigate the appropriateness of the emerging minority…

This paper reviews the research undertaken by trainees in counseling supervision who were students in a class on studies in supervision. One study which is discussed focuses on the relationship of supervisor behavior and supervisor didactic or experiential expectations. Another study is presented which explores the behavioral correlates of…

Clients who contact mental health centers but fail to follow through for treatment present a significant problem for therapists. Being able to predict which clients will not follow through with an initial therapy session could be very beneficial. At intake, subjects (N=27) who had requested service from a mental health center provided demographic…