Expectation research has frequently assumed that teachers respond differently to students, based upon their perceptions of student ability. Because general student behavior is correlated with ability, however, it is possible that teachers are responding to differences in behavior rather than ability. A study examined the relationship between…

As California moves to become the only large industrial State with a numerical majority composed of non-whites, the quality of education and institutional expectations for non-white children diminishes. For example, Hispanic students in California are members of the fastest growing ethnic group in the nation and in the State, but, in 1981, 77% of…

Research about student attitudes toward preservice teaching experience focused on two primary questions: (1) What do undergraduate education students expect from early field experiences? and (2) What underlying construct can be inferred from these expectations which may be useful in shaping future experiences? Two types of data were collected from…

Moral decision-making is an essential element in educational research. The dilemmas examined and explored in this review were drawn from the author's experience as an ethnographic evaluator and consultant in a bay area educational research corporation for the last five years. The major concerns addressed include: conflicting expectations between…

Optimal-level theories maintain that the quality of affect is a function of a quantitative arousal potential dimension. An alternative view is that the quantitative dimension merely modulates preexisting qualitative properties and is therefore only responsible for changes in the degree of affect. Thus, the quality of affect, whether it is positive…

Myths often associated with behavioral disorders are examined, and for each myth, strategies that can be implemented by teachers and systems to dispell the myths are identified. It is suggested that the myth that parents caused the child to be behaviorally disordered (BD) can interfere with the child's programing and growth and effective…

The birth of a child represents an important normative transition for the infant's mother and her close social network members that may affect both the mother's personal well-being and the quality of her interpersonal realationships. Participants included 47 mothers of infants treated in neonatal intensive care units, and 36 mothers of healthy…

Studies of multicultural education in Australia, Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom are presented to make the argument that multicultural education must be for all children, not only those in minority groups. These 14 papers were collected by the Committee of Enquiry into the Education of Children from Ethnic Minority Groups…

The significance of family support to people in old age is explored in this book, which presents data from interviews with 23 elderly persons living in the community in Sydney, Australia. The monograph is divided into five parts. Part 1 describes the fieldwork setting and presents selected social and demographic characteristics of the interviewed…

An overview is presented of research findings on how teacher expectations of student performance may alter the ways that teachers treat students, and the possible negative effects of such differential treatment on the behavior and learning of students for whom the teacher holds low expectations. A discussion follows on the teaching implications of…

The usefulness of a holistic model designed for Indonesia in explaining the predictive relationship between student background characteristics and college academic achievement was assessed. The model consists of four constructs (cognitive entry behavior, attribution of success and failure, socioeconomic status, and family educational environment)…

Focusing on the changing roles of women and men in the home and in the work place and the need to prepare students for these changing roles, this booklet presents facts and information that challenge stereotypical views about sex roles and provides activities for teachers to test their own views. The information and activities encourage teachers…

Information about the types of characteristics seen by parents and adolescents in similar fashion and those seen differently may result in better prediction of teenage behavior. To compare the perceptions of adolescents and adults on 20 personality characteristics, rating tables originally constructed by Hess and Goldblatt (1957) were given to 35…

The words cooperation and collaboration are often used interchangeably in describing the efforts of two institutions working together. The basic issue of whether or not collaboration is different from cooperation was confronted in a project in which a national education research center attempted to work with a large school district in a…

Expectancy of success refers to an individual's perceived probability of successfully exercising social influence. The leader's expectancy for success consistently emerges from theory and research as an important determinant in the type of influence he attempts to exert on group members. Theoretically, the leader's use of influence will be…