Time-limited dynamic psychotherapy (TLDP) is a time-sensitive, interpersonal approach, emphasizing attachment, and affective-experiential components, which influence the process of change. TLDP outcome studies have demonstrated the importance of the clinician's role in both therapeutic process and outcome. However, TLDP research has been limited…

This Campbell systematic review examines the effects of self-management interventions to address student behaviors and academic outcomes in schools. The review summarized and analyzed evidence from 75 single-case design studies and four group-design studies, of which three were experimental and one was quasi-experimental. School-based…

Removing students from the classroom and placing them in remote instruction for their behavior is an emerging form of discipline (Jones, 2020). The purpose of this brief is to describe this form of discipline, examine its implications and potential negative impacts, and provide guiding principles for improving behavior through evidence-based…

This brief describes how educators use a function-based approach to (a) prevent contextually inappropriate behaviors and (b) teach and encourage social, emotional, and behavioral skills throughout the PBIS continuum of support. In addition, this brief highlights critical features of effective functional behavioral assessment (FBA) and behavior…

Challenging classroom behavior can interfere with learning. Fortunately known, positive, and proactive approaches to behavior management can improve student responding. Class-Wide Function-related Intervention Teams (CW-FIT) have led to improvement in student behavior across elementary and middle school contexts. However, little is known of the…

A data-driven model where individual learning behavior is a linear combination of certain stylized learning patterns scaled by learners' affinities is proposed. The absorption of stylized behavior through the affinities constitutes "building blocks" in the model. Non-negative matrix factorization is employed to extract common learning…

The thesis template is a guiding document for higher degree researchers to assist their transition into research. But what happens when the template does not mirror your ways of knowing, being and doing? How do we speak back to an institutionalized structure that advocates support and yet, feels like a "Boa constrictor" squeezing you…

Individuals with disabilities may engage in challenging behavior to escape aversive stimuli, like academic tasks or non-preferred foods. Interventions to reduce these behaviors often employ escape extinction; that is, the implementer withholds escape following challenging behavior. Escape extinction can increase risk of injury, restrict autonomy,…

Background: Dental diseases are associated with chronic health conditions and decreased psychological and sociological wellbeing. Young adulthood presents a pivotal stage as dental hygiene behaviors developed and practiced during this time persist into later life. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is a commonly used theoretical framework to…

Objective: Vaping rates among college students have been increasing significantly in recent years, due in large part to the diffusion of pod vaping devices (i.e., JUUL, Suorin) on American college campuses. In this study, we explore the ecological system of knowledge, attitudes, and practices in regards to this trend. Participants: Participants…

The aim of this article is to provide a concise overview of the theoretical assumptions of behaviorism, which generally informs "traditional" approaches to sport coaching. B.F. Skinner's (1904--1990) theory of operant conditioning is discussed, alongside considerations for sport coaching practice. For coaches who draw upon the principles…

Token economies are a helpful, research-based tool for behavior intervention. However, the design and implementation process can be overwhelming. To address common challenges with token economy implementation, we describe the basic behavioral science behind a token economy, how to implement a token economy effectively, and how to avoid pitfalls…

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to explore sharing behavior among college students who use e-cigarettes. Methods: A convenience sample of current e-cigarette users answered questionnaire items regarding sharing behavior (e.g., the number of people that have shared e-cigarettes, the settings that sharing takes place, reasons for…

Research has demonstrated the efficacy and effectiveness of using high preferred stimuli as reinforcers to change individual behavior. However, these high preferred reinforcers are not always readily available or it may not be in the individual's best interest to use them (i.e., high calorie edibles). Previous research has demonstrated that…

Monitoring the Future (MTF) is an ongoing research program conducted at the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research under a series of investigator-initiated research grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse beginning in 1975. The integrated MTF study includes annual surveys of nationally-representative samples of 8th, 10th,…