Academic psychology has long been composed of two disciplines, one experimental and one correlational. These two disciplines each developed their own method of studying structure in data: multidimensional scaling (MDS) and factor analysis. Both methods use similar kinds of input data, proximity measures on object pairs. Both represent the object…

Attributions of causes of successful task performances as a function of task and sex of the performer were investigated. Introductory psychology students (N=157) were presented with closed-circuit, videotaped episodes in which a male or female stimulus person performed a card-guessing task for 10 trials. Subjects heard the task described to the…

Simultaneous maximum likelihood procedures were used to investigate the generality of ability factor structure in adulthood and old age. Data were analyzed for 198 subjects aged 15-32; 173 subjects aged 51-67; and 153 subjects aged 68-83. Variables were 14 ability tests marking five cognitive factors: verbal comprehension, number facility,…

The purpose of this paper is to derive explicit estimates of the parameters of a latent structure model when the skills represented by the test items are hierarchically related. Two special cases are described, which may be used as an approximation to the Dayton and Macready model and also provide initial estimates in an iterative estimation…

Because it is difficult to ascertain the dimensionality of a test composed of binary items through the use of factor analysis alone, a method is proposed that combines item characteristic curve (ICC) theory with factor analysis. Factor structure of tetrachoric correlations is distorted by non-normal distribution of ability. Item characteristics…

A STUDY WAS MADE TO DEVELOP A QUICK AND ACCURATE METHOD FOR MEASURING OCCUPATIONAL ASPIRATIONS, ADDING TO KNOWN EXPLANATORY AND PREDICTIVE TECHNIQUES CONCERNING THE OCCUPATIONAL SELECTION PROCESS. "LEVEL OF OCCUPATIONAL ASPIRATION" (LOA) WAS THE CONCEPTUAL FOCAL POINT OF THIS PROJECT. SUBJECTS OF THE PROJECT, APPROXIMATELY 450…

THE CROSS-CULTURAL VALIDITY OF AN EVOLVING CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR PARENT BEHAVIOR WAS INVESTIGATED. PREVIOUS RESEARCH STUDIES SUGGEST THAT THE PARENT BEHAVIOR DIMENSIONS OF SEVERAL CONCEPTUAL MODELS COULD BE INTEGRATED BY VISUALIZING THESE DIMENSIONS AS PLOTTED ON THE SURFACE OF A SPHERE. THE PROPOSED SPHERICAL CONCEPTUAL MODEL WAS OBTAINED USING…

THIS DOCUMENT IS A POPULATION STUDY OF JUNIOR (JKP) AND SENIOR (SKP) KINDERGARTEN PUPILS IN TORONTO, CANADA. IT IS TO BE USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH A LONGITUDINAL "STUDY OF ACHIEVEMENT" (PS 000 355) THAT WILL ATTEMPT TO ASCERTAIN WHETHER THE EFFECTS OF JUNIOR KINDERGARTEN ON PUPILS' SCHOOL ACHIEVEMENT TEND TO DIMINISH FROM GRADE TO GRADE…

THE EXTENT TO WHICH READING READINESS TESTS RELATE TO A GROUP OF INTELLIGENCE TESTS WAS INVESTIGATED. APPROXIMATELY 300 FIRST GRADERS IN 15 CLASSROOMS IN GEORGIA WERE ADMINISTERED THE METROPOLITAN READINESS TEST, THE LEE CLARK READINESS TEST, AND THE CALIFORNIA TEST OF MENTAL MATURITY. FACTOR ANALYSIS WAS USED TO ANALYZE THE DATA. THE SUBTESTS OF…

APPROXIMATELY 180 EIGHTH- AND 180 NINTH-GRADE STUDENTS, PLACED IN THREE ABILITY "TRACKS," WERE ADMINISTERED AN 80-ITEM ATTITUDE SURVEY AND AN 80-ITEM MOTIVATION INVENTORY. THE RESULTS OBTAINED WERE DEVELOPED AS PART OF A LONG-RANGE STUDY TO IMPROVE SCHOOL ATTITUDES AND MOTIVATION THROUGH INCORPORATING A REVISION OF INSTRUCTIONAL AND…

TO INVESTIGATE HOW ATTITUDES TOWARD EDUCATION INFLUENCE PERCEPTION OF DESIRABLE TEACHER BEHAVIORS, AN EDUCATIONAL ATTITUDES INSTRUMENT (KERLINGER'S ES-VII) AND AN 80-ITEM TEACHER BEHAVIORS Q-SORT WERE ADMINISTERED TO 80 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS. THIRTY-TWO TEACHERS WERE RATED AS "PROGRESSIVE," 32…

NEW INTELLECTUAL APTITUDES WERE INVESTIGATED TO DETERMINE TO WHAT EXTENT THEY INFLUENCE ACHIEVEMENT IN NINTH-GRADE ALGEBRA AND GENERAL MATHEMATICS COURSES. TESTS AND CRITERIA WERE COMPLETED FOR APPROXIMATELY 400 STUDENTS IN THE NINTH GRADE. THEY WERE ENROLLED IN ONE OF FOUR MATHEMATICS COURSES AND ADMINISTERED ACHIEVEMENT EXAMINATIONS UPON…