Weaknesses in the structure, levels, and sequence of Bloom's taxonomy of cognitive domains emphasize the need for both a new model of how individual learners process information and a new taxonomy of the different levels of memory, thinking, and learning. Both the model and the taxonomy should be consistent with current research findings. The…

THIS PAPER DISCUSSES AIMS, EFFECTS, AND IMPLICATIONS OF SPECIFYING OBJECTIVES FOR PROGRAMED INSTRUCTION, AND CITES EXAMPLES FROM THE LITERATURE. THE PAPER WAS READ AS A PORTION OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION, NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION, WASHINGTON, D.C., MARCH 24-26, 1963. (LH)

Instruction and learning encompass more processes than are included in learning theories themselves. Instruction involves gaining and controlling attention, stimulating recall, guiding the learning, providing feedback, arranging for remembering, and assessing outcomes. These functions are performed by various media of instruction, but ultimately…

This study replicated a study by Mehler and Bever (1967) which had reported conservation observed in very young children between 2 years 4 months and 2 years 7 months old. Both Piaget (1968) and Bielen (1968) criticized the Mehler-Bever finding, claiming that true conservation had not been demonstrated. The investigator in the present study sought…

The relationship between creativity and egocentric thought was studied by testing 90 adult women with the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking and with a Piagetian instrument. Positive correlations were obtained between egocentric thought and verbal originality, verbal flexibility, figural originality, and figural elaboration on both instruments.…

The purpose was to analyze the intellectual roots of the curriculum revolution of the 1960's from the viewpoint of structure as developed in Piaget's cognitive psychology. The study contains an extensive review of the literature related to this topic. Structure as a problem of psychological organization, the contributions of various psychological…

Despite Piaget's contributions to child learning, "Sesame Street" developed in a traditional American mode. (DAG)

Presents a theory which describes the process of reading comprehension under typical reading conditions. Typical reading comprehension is considered to be a special case of a more general language comprehension phenomenon called "rauding."

Discusses historic technological barriers to use of the brain in teaching/learning theories, compares medical profession's early move to biological research to educators' long reticence, describes new computer-based brain monitoring technology, and proposes greater involvement of educators in brain research and related technological developments.…

This article specifies some basic considerations regarding information processing and perception and suggests two related considerations when attempting to provide for learning. (Author)

The scope of this historical overview includes the salient contributions from the several scientific and engineering disciplines which made CAI possible during the late 1950's. The time span covered runs from Plato to PLATO. (Author/BD)

The concept of "leadership" has overtaken previous linguistic formulations such as "administration" or "management" as the dominant description for all those functions that are involved in guiding and developing organizations towards the achievement of their organizational goals. This is not merely part of some general linguistic drift; it is a…

An overview of Robert M. Gagne's theoretical position of learning and instruction is presented with a discussion of possible applications and usefulness of the theory toward the development of technical instruction. (Author/AG)

Reinforcement hierarchy implies movement along a continuum from top to bottom, from primitive levels of reinforcement to more sophisticated levels. Unless it is immediately obvious that a child cannot function without the use of lower-order reinforcers, we should approach him as though he responds to topmost reinforcers until he demonstrates…

This article describes St. Paul Open School in Minnesota which is testing a multitude of learning theories. Parents were largely responsible for the development of the school. (JA)