This critique discusses Gagne's position that students should understand how to mathematize a concrete situation and validate a solution but need not understand how a solution is derived. Reconciling his views with those of mathematics educators and raising questions are both included. (MNS)

Gagne's reply to critiques by Wachsmuth and by Steffe and Blake notes that their approaches are from different points of view. He urges that mathematics educators examine critically the view that understanding involves some aspects of the structure of mathematics. (MNS)

The purpose of this paper is to discuss and disseminate the ideas and attitudes of using self-directed management programs for post-graduate students. The author argues that self-direction in designing management courses is not usually popular with staff and administrators attempting to run traditional programs. (MEAD Subscriptions, CSML,…

Discusses the notion of schemata in theories of reading comprehension: what they are, how they might enter into comprehension, and the two kinds possibly used by readers. Explores teaching implications, using examples for literature classes. (FL)

Reviews the work of Yale computer scientist Roger C. Schank in the area of reading instruction and offers five reasons why his model of computer reading should not be applied to the reading processes of children. (FL)

Discusses previous articles in this journal issue and addresses issues concerning the acquisition of specific social knowledge. (FL)

In elementary grades, word problems that cannot be solved by a routine application of a single arithmetic operation can cause a great deal of difficulty. The role of several factors in children's performance when solving two-step problems of a given structure was probed. (Author/MP)

Using a question-and-answer format, the author discusses brain research, its relationship to existing learning theory, left- and right-brain differences and their relationship to logical thinking, brain growth spurts, learning styles, and the effects of future brain knowledge on learning, especially on schools' development of brain-compatible…

This discussion is primarily designed to increase teachers' awareness of Piaget's theory of cognitive development and implications for mathematics in the middle school. It is hoped such awareness will compel instructors to adopt strategies that help pupils gain more from mathematical experiences, by providing impetus for innovation and…

The Piagetian developmental stage of concrete operational thought and the theoretical groupement structures underlying children's performance of 12 concrete operations tasks are discussed. Tasks were shown to develop in five related sets. Three factor structures were found in this longitudinal study. (Author/CM)

Discusses in an interview format James Britton's theories on the importance of language in the English classroom; the distinction between transactional, expressive, and poetic discourse; and the criteria for assembling a literature anthology. (AEA)

Discusses four aspects of listening comprehension citing supportive research: (1) what is involved in listening comprehension, (2) whether it be taught, (3) how it is related to reading comprehension, and (4) what other factors affect listening comprehension. Provides recommendations for teaching. (HTH)

Describes a workshop strategy which provides a mechanism for implementing change and facilitates the administrative support necessary to improve nursing care in institutional settings. Participants learn to set realistic, high-priority goals; implement change theory; and use available resources to achieve a goal. (CT)

Two exploratory studies of one aspect of the relation between problem solving in mathematics and the cognitive effects of games on mathematics learning are noted. Results indicated that problem solving and the playing of certain games involving mathematics are related. (MP)

Research was viewed as needed to establish a classification scheme for the major areas of difficulties individual students have in solving word problems. The results suggest that inability to read problems is a major obstacle for sixth graders, and mastery of components of problem solving ensures process mastery. (MP)