Defines the value-clarification approach as one that teaches the individual to think through issues, and, eventually, to develop his or her own value system through a cognitive process involving verbalization, role-playing, and composing value-laden situations. Its overriding aim is, through examination, consideration, and exploration, to make…

Abt Associates, the firm responsible for the primary analysis of the Follow Through experiment, summarize the findings. Their clearest finding indicates that local circumstances, attitudes, and activities unmeasured by evaluation have much more to do with the effectiveness of Follow Through models, without exception, than do their theoretical…

The effectiveness of guided and nonguided instructional strategies for teaching psychomotor skills is reviewed from the perspectives of learning theories, psychomotor research, transfer of learning, and the function and desirability of making errors in the learning process. (EVH)

This research was done to determine if a random sample of normal first-grade children would demonstrate performance changes on a process assessment task when differential reinforcers were employed. A number of students improved under one of the reinforcers, but an equal number demonstrated depressed performance. (Author)

Cites research findings to refute Piaget's contention of stages of cognitive development. Advocates continuous cognitive differentiation as a model. (CP)

Advocates the educational theories of David Ausubel as a basis on which to build science and mathematics curricula and instructional procedures. Offers interpretations of Piaget's conservation tasks in Ausubelian theory. (CP)

Transpersonal psychology, extending beyond the traditional paradigm of educational psychology, opens the way to investigation of more complete theories of learning, involving bio-feedback, ego-transcendence, and the range of human abilities influenced by different brain wave states. (MB)

The authors stress the importance of social learning theory and ecological psychology in teaching social skills to the developmentally disabled. (CL)

This article discusses a chapter to be published on the state of psycholinguistics in Brazil. (CFM)

Liberation theory from a Third World adult educator is seen as consistent with social work ideals and an avenue for social work education to travel in developing better learning and more motivated, knowledgeable, critical, responsible, and autonomous learners. (Author/LBH)

A critique of 13 commonly-held ideas concerning student-teacher relationships, discipline, goals and methods of instruction, and student motivation. (BF)

The theories of Seymour Papert and the computerized instructional devices he uses are described. Some of these devices are now for sale. (SD)

A two-process theory of the spacing (lag) effect in free recall is presented and tested. (Editor/RK)

Explains the hierarchic structure of the mammalian visual system. Proposes a model in which feedback pathways serve to modify sensory stimuli in ways that enhance and complete sensory input patterns. Investigates the functioning of the system through computer simulations. (ML)

Contrasts "layering" and "assimilating" models of learning, preferring the model in which new information is affected by and fused with previous knowledge. Considers how literature study can contribute to cognitive growth, calling for the focused use of in-class discussion to help students arrive at profound responses to literature. (DMM)