The way in which previously acquired knowledge affects the processing on new domain-related information was investigated. Text processing was studied in two groups differing in knowledge of the domain of baseball. A knowledge structure for the domain was constructed, and text propositions were classified. (SW)

The notion that a prerequisite for asking questions about new topic matter is some appropriate level of knowledge was tested. Learners with two levels of background knowledge using learning material with two levels of difficulty were studied. (SW)

The paper evaluates the empirical and theoretical basis upon which several recent studies reject the hypothesis of a visual-perceptual deficit in reading disabilities. (Author)

Presented are some practical, ethical, and legal challenges to the token economy system in a critical look at behavior modification in classrooms. (Editor)

A restatement of the theory of reading developed by the author over the years, a defense of a whole-language comprehension-centered approach to teaching, and an attack on the back-to-basics movement. (DD)

A description is given of several theories of learning styles. The implications for mathematics education are discussed; special attention is given to corrective teaching. (MK)

Models, based on Gowin's Epistomological V model, are presented which are intended to be useful in illustrating ideas to students about how knowledge is acquired and how to relate laboratory work to the concept being learned. (SA)

Discusses cognitive style (the degree to which perception is influenced by environmental variables) and cognitive control (which focuses on the regulation of perception by the ego). Concepts addressed include field dependence-independence, field articulation, conceptual style, cognitive tempo, intrusive information, focal attention, and…

Describes a new physics program which depends mainly on student performed experiments and investigations, and subscribes to Piaget's learning and developmental theories. (GA)

Piaget's notions on conservation and transitivity are discussed, along with interpretations and experiments by some of Piaget's critics. Several general teaching suggestions also are included. (DT)

Research from four subareas of prose learning (advance organizers, response modes, objectives, and inserted questions) is considered and weaknesses in the studies conducted are noted. Suggestions are advanced as to how researchers might profitably spend their energies in the future. (RC)

A contrastive analysis should describe the different processes of conceptualization in the languages under consideration. Furthermore, a detailed semantic analysis of linguistic items should be undertaken to discover perceptual strategies which force the speaker to use these items. Research in psycholinguistics is valuable in these tasks. (DB)

Children's perception and understanding of three-dimensional figures and of operations on them is discussed. Piaget's findings are reviewed and more current research is described. Classroom implications are explored. (SD)

Problem drinkers in the community were subjects in a study that evaluated the therapeutic potential of learning techniques in changing abusive drinking patterns and achieving moderation. The authors conclude that moderation is a more attainable and feasible goal for problem drinkers than for chronic alcoholics. (Author)

It is argued that the field of curriculum since 1957 has been shaped by a domination of positivistic tradition of the natural sciences. Calls attention to the limitations of an exclusively scientific conception of education. (BF/JH)