Drawing upon research into the nature of the English writing system and about the development of spelling ability, this booklet presents an approach to spelling in which learning to spell is viewed as a highly complex intellectual accomplishment that develops over time and in conjunction with a student's experience with and knowledge of the…

This study was designed to identify a set of research questions and testable hypothesis to aid in planning long-range research. Five mathematics teachers were selected. These instructors enrolled in a special project-related seminar, video-taped sessions of their own mathematics classes, and kept field journals. The group met once a week to…

In Experiments 1 and 2 subjects read a series of standard algebra story problems, and were asked to recall each problem. In Experiment 3, subjects were asked to construct problems based on certain situations (such as "train leaving stations"). Results indicated that "relational propositions" (such as "the rate in still…

Researchers in the area of human learning and memory have stressed the need for systematic studies of the factors involved in information processing and their effects on the retention and recall of the information processed. One such important factor may be self-reference. A lecturer may stimulate self-reference in students through…

This document focuses on research on the relation between children's use and understanding of counting as a symbol system for number and the development of number conservation concepts. An underlying assumption is that a better match between mathematics curricula and the educational needs of children will be facilitated by learning more about the…

Results of research on the acquisition of counting skills in children is presented. The material, originally published in the Soviet Journal "Questions of Psychology," was deemed an important document that should be translated and made accessible to English readers. The question of how basic, extended processes are…

This investigation focused on sex and ethnic differences in mathematics achievement among and between black and Mexican-American adolescents. One hundred twelve subjects were chosen; the selection included 61 blacks and 51 Mexican-Americans. The sample included 42 males and 70 females. All pupils attended the same school, with most from homes low…

Staff development programs can help Catholic educators deal with critical problems now facing them. Parochial school teachers must become better able to prepare students to address difficult issues like dwindling resources or eroding morals. They must be given a knowledge of current theories of teaching and learning such as those of Piaget or…

The phonological information provided by written words may be used by the reader as a convenient temporary storage medium and as a way of gaining access to the lexicon. Beginning readers should be able to exploit the sound-based patterning of the orthography in reading single words and to bypass it on occasion. Some words do not conform to English…

The TICCIT command language is a synthesis between work in instructional psychology and cybernetics, and broadens the degrees of control available to students well beyond the capabilities of existing CAI systems. Student control commands manipulate important instructional variables and information is provided to guide the student's choice of…

The extent to which cuing strategies and basic skills explanations of early reading constitute complementary approaches was examined in a study involving 94 fourth grade students. Basic skills--a unidimensional component based on measures of vocabulary development, language skills, and work-study skills--proved to be a powerful variable mediating…

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of Piagetian developmental theory on educational practice in kindergartens throughout southern Illinois. Data were collected through a questionnaire which sought information on teacher characteristics, the classroom setting, the teacher's curriculum approach and types of activities used in each…

A procedure called the Group Mapping Activity has been used to provide for dynamic interaction of students through discussion after reading and to gauge the extent of readers' interactions with text. In using the procedure, however, it was discovered that some students regularly shifted the protagonists in their mapping. A study was undertaken to…

The model for teaching reading and writing as integrated processes advocated in this paper is based on a holistic understanding of composing. Psycholinguistics, cognitive theory, and composing research are reviewed extensively in an attempt to clarify their theoretical implications for teachers of composing. Concepts discussed as applicable to an…

The purpose of this investigation was to classify a sample of high school biology students into concrete and formal operational levels using three separate instruments: (1) a battery of Piagetian tasks (the pendulum, bending rods, and the balance beam); (2) a written biology examination consisting of questions requiring concrete and formal…