A study was conducted to determine the validity of two separate item classification schemes for the reading comprehension subtest of the McGraw-Hill Test of Adult Basic Education, Level D, Form 4. The first of the two schemes was developed by the publisher and presented as a means of classifying errors for the purpose of diagnosing individual…

Discussed are results of studies of the cognitive development of 2- and 3-year-old children which suggest that the mind makes gains in the ability to think as gains in language development are made. "Thinking" in this context refers to the judgments children made as they selected objects and maneuvered them into one arrangement or…

The automatic/controlled processing theory proposal that the modification of long term memory (LTM) occurs only during controlled processing, and that stimuli can be automatically processed with no resulting LTM effect was tested in two experiments. In the first experiment, subjects were shown words while performing tasks involving either…

A study examined the effect of variation in category dominance on retrieval latencies (and errors) from semantic memory. Subjects, 66 students enrolled in an introductory psychology course, were required to perform 6 successive retrievals from each of 18 conceptual categories. The six retrievals consisted of two successive blocks of three from…

This report discusses three studies of 2- to 5-year-old children's interpretations of facial expressions in terms of (1) the structure of the emotional domain and (2) prototypic example, overlap, and range of emotion categories. In the first study, 78 children were asked to make similarity judgments about 10 photographed facial expressions by…

Papers on cataloging and national bibliography presented at the 1984 general conference of IFLA include: (1) "Pratiques et Problemes de Catalogage au Senegal" (Cataloging Practices and Problems in Senegal) (Marietou Diop Diongue, Senegal); (2) "The Consequences of New Technologies in Classification and Subject Cataloging in Third…

Understanding organizational cultures offers important and useful insights for the professional communicator. The fastest-growing area of interest in the study of modern organizations and their behavior is that of organizational cultures. There are at least two specific ways to categorize and discuss these cultures. The first is to divide them…

Describes a method for introducing and teaching to junior high school students the concepts involved in constructing a dichotomous key. (JR)

Subjects in grades 2, 6, and college were asked to sort 50 pictures according to several class labels, each with a functional equivalent. (ST)

The effectiveness of television science instruction coupled with the use of science kit materials was tested with first grade children. Of five experimental conditions, two used a series of six television lessons incorporating inquiry skills, two did not use TV, and one group received no science instruction. Children were tested for classification…

The term "environmental education" is often used as a euphemism for science education, outdoor education, etc., giving the impression that environmental education does not exist as an educational focus. The article discusses this philosophy, methods to combat it, and focuses needed for effective environmental education. (KM)

First and second graders (n=81) were randomly partitioned into experimental and control groups. The experimentals were given experiences in sorting and seriating objects. Significant treatment and grade effects (p.01) were found on a seriation test, but no significant relationships between classification and transitivity nor seriation and…