Examined attitudes of 923 high school students from 3 economic settings toward work in 3 Canadian labor markets. Found significant differences for both group and gender on the variables attitude toward training for new technology, belief in work, and job security. For self-efficacy and locus of control, significant gender differences were found.…

A study examined the relationship of psychosocial variables (self-efficacy, coping, locus of control, and social support) and attendance at a hospital-sponsored smoking cessation program with smoking cessation. Questionnaires and interviews with participants indicated self-efficacy and number of classes attended related to smoking cessation. (SM)

Examined hypothesis that sociodemographic characteristics such as age, education, race, and gender would be predictive of Multidimensional Health Locus of Control subscale scores in 342 community-dwelling elderly individuals. Bivariate analysis revealed associations between black race, lower socioeconomic status, and lower education on Chance and…

Sees risk/resilience research providing transition for professionals in field of emotional/behavioral problems, moving from management of existing problems to addressing risk factors before problems arise. Identifies recurring themes from studies of resilient children/adolescents, describes protective factors related to resilience, and offers…

The 1986 internal/external frame of reference model of H. W. Marsh was tested using self-concept and self-efficacy responses of 410 Australian fifth grade students. Support for the model was found only for self-concept responses. Results are discussed in relation to academic self-concept. (SLD)

Compares advantages and disadvantages of centralized and decentralized control in Soviet public schools. Recognizes that centralization concentrates the forces, funds, and available resources necessary for maximum achievement. Suggests that decentralization of administration can be optimized by delegating rights, duties, and responsibilities to…

Mothers of toddlers and preschoolers reported rules for everyday behaviors and noted their child's level of compliance. Results showed (1) commonalities among mothers in the network of rules being socialized; (2) high child compliance in situations involving rules for safety and other's possessions; and (3) an age-related movement from external…

Considers debate in field of marriage and family therapy regarding issues of control and noninstrumentality. Contends that therapists must be able to act unconstrictingly yet must take responsibility for their actions. Asserts that believing too strongly in either strategizing or nonintervening in therapeutic process can be constraining. Offers…

This study, involving 49 teachers and 1,164 students, found that teachers tend to feel responsible for the academic successes of their students and to attribute their failures to external factors. Teachers with a high or medium rating on sense of responsibility exhibited more significantly positive attitudes toward their students. (Author/JDD)

African-American adolescents (n=195) completed measures on Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) knowledge, condoms, health locus of control, vulnerability to human immunodeficiency virus, peer sexual norms, sexual behavior, and contraceptive preferences. Girls were more knowledgeable about AIDS, reported fewer sexual partners, held more…

Assessed academic locus of control, self-esteem, and geographical distance from home (actual and perceived) as predictors of college adjustment in 88 female college freshmen. An internal academic locus of control, a high level of self-esteem, and a perception that the distance from home was "just right" were related to four dimensions of college…

Examined proposition that variations in career decision making are related to identity formation process by identifying relations between ego identity statuses and decision making in college students (N=99). Findings support proposition and suggest stable identity persons use rational and systematic decision-making strategies, foreclosed identity…

The study investigated two levels of learning choice and control with 150 gifted South African students (grades 6-8) exposed to the Cognitive Research Trust (CORT) thinking skills program (prestructured) or the Integrated Education Model program (flexibly structured). Results suggested both programs affected locus of control and creativity but not…

Reports a study that investigated how locus of control in 588 of Hong Kong's secondary teachers related to multiple aspects of job attitudes and perceptions of school characteristics. Survey data suggested locus of control was a powerful indicator of teachers' job attitudes and organizational perceptions. (SM)

Male college students (n=95) participated in study which investigated proposed difference in how intervening with Vocational Card Sort versus Strong/Strong-Campbell would be experienced. Study included participant attribute variable (locus of control for career development) and outcome variable (career decision-making self-efficacy) related to…