Examination of 69 men and women revealed that individuals employed in supervisory leadership positions were more androgynous and obtained more internal locus of control scores than those in nonsupervisory positions. Sex differences were noted. Implications are discussed. (Author/BJV)

Studies perceptions of causal attributions pertinent to success and failure in two social class groups from Belgium, West Germany, India, South Korea, and England. Found high agreement among the two social classes as well as among four of the nations, but Indians rated all causes as more external, variable, and uncontrollable. (FMW)

Resistant, intermediate, and nonresistant female college students (N=150) listened to counseling session with female counselor using either tentative or absolute style of interpretation. Subjects rated counselor's expertness, attractiveness, trustworthiness; helpfulness and effectiveness of interpretations; and willingness to see counselor.…

The structure of "teacher efficacy" was studied with a sample of 342 prospective and experienced teachers through an efficacy questionnaire. Factors correspond to an internal versus external distinction, similar to the locus-of-control measures of causal attribution. (SLD)

Motivation to study French was examined among first-year students using an extrinsic/intrinsic dichotomy approach to classify motivations. Students were found to be motivated by a wide variety of reasons, with personal or intrinsic reasons dominating. (Contains five references.) (Author/LB)

Examines the effects of using LOGO, or problem-solving- oriented simulation software on locus of control, self-esteem, and achievement motivation for fifth-grade students. The importance of these variables in predicting LOGO mastery and far-transfer problem-solving ability was also examined. (Author)

This study examined the social attributions of 32 students with learning disabilities (LD) compared to those of 29 nonlearning-disabled low achieving and 33 average-achieving students. Students with LD were more likely to use external factors in explaining their social successes and failures, while attributing their successes to internal factors.…

Examines three major reasons why individuals shirk responsibility: feelings of powerlessness (external locus of control), belief in a systems world (society as self-regulating balance of objective forces), and consequences of extreme introversion or extraversion. Discusses the role of education in fostering development of student attitudes and…

Examines the responses to the Trauma Symptom Checklist (TSC) of college women (n=654) sexually abused as children, sexually assaulted as adults, sexually assaulted as children and adults, and nonabused. Results support the validity of the TSC as a measure of sexual abuse trauma and point to family patterns associated with prolonged symptomatology.…

Widows of varying ages (n=246) in urban Israel were investigated to examine the effects of widowhood-related needs along the life cycle and variables hypothesized to be related to it. Findings support previous research regarding the role of locus of control as a support mobilizer. Discusses importance of personal as well as environmental resources…

Researchers developed a profile of health promoting adults by surveying 830 health promoting individuals. Results highlighted psychosocial variables most strongly associated with health promoting behavior: total self-concept, physical self, moral-ethical self, self-satisfaction, behavior, and chance health locus of control. Demographic variables…

Study determined whether student teachers' self-talk differentially related to personality characteristics of locus of control and self-esteem. Subjects (n=69) recorded self-talk and completed personality assessments. They mainly engaged in negative, child-oriented, external self-talk. Those with high self-esteem and internal locus of control used…

A survey was administered assessing knowledge of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) among 34 learning-disabled and 44 nondisabled high school students. Although results found no differences in AIDS awareness between groups, learning-disabled participants reported feeling less in control of exposure to AIDS and indicated less behavioral…

Investigated relationship between leadership behavior and self-esteem, locus of control, family structure, and career goals of high school student leaders (n=79) and nonleaders (n=124). Leaders tended to have higher internal locus of control, to live in two-parent family, and to have more prestigious career goals. Found no significant difference…

Presents key themes from expanding literature on resilience, drawing from both psychological research and narratives of survivors. Focuses on Kauai study, landmark 30-year longitudinal study on resilience in 698 infants. Also examines survivors of child abuse, distinguishes between unhealthy and healthy resilience, discusses issues of separation…