ERIC Number: EJ1489368
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2025
Pages: 21
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-1038-1562
EISSN: EISSN-1839-4728
Available Date: 2025-04-30
Moving towards a More Comprehensive Understanding of Multimodal Text Complexity
Australian Journal of Language and Literacy, v48 n2 p119-139 2025
Selecting texts that can support young readers is essential work for teachers because the 'right' text provides readers with opportunities to demonstrate their skills, strategies and comprehension. Text complexity guides offer teachers one way to select those texts, but despite these pedagogical supports, many readers continue to struggle with learning to read and comprehending texts that are matched to their abilities based on those guides. Using a common reading assessment supported by eye-movement technology, this research examines practices for determining text complexity and how young readers subsequently read and retell the text with the view to better understandings about connections between text complexity and reading. Used in this research was Pinnell and Fountas' (Pinnell, G. S., & Fountas, I. C. (2007). The continuum of literacy learning, grades K-8: Behaviors and understandings to notice, teach, and support. Heinemann) text complexity guide to match a text with different students' reading abilities. Eye movements were then captured as these readers independently read aloud and retold the story. Data analysis revealed readers experienced unanticipated challenges comprehending the text, particularly when encountering pages with inconsistent written and visual information. Findings suggest current approaches for understanding text complexity may not fully consider the unique nature of multimodal texts (such as picturebooks), particularly accounting for relationships between verbal and visual modes. Presented in this paper are implications of these findings for text selection and a proposal for an extended framework for analysing the complexity of a text.
Descriptors: Reading Material Selection, Selection Criteria, Difficulty Level, Reading Comprehension, Evaluation Methods, Eye Movements, Reader Text Relationship, Literacy Education, Multimedia Materials, Picture Books
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Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A
Author Affiliations: 1Al-Baha University, Department of Special Education, Faculty of Education, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia; 2University of Wollongong, School of Education, Early Start Institute, Wollongong, Australia; 3Queensland University of Technology, ARC Centre of Excellence for the Digital Child, Brisbane, Australia; 4University of Wollongong, ARC Centre of Excellence for the Digital Child, Wollongong, Australia

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