Human-guided machine learning can improve computing intelligence, and it can accurately assist humans in various tasks. In education research, artificial intelligence (AI) is applicable in many situations, such as predicting students' learning paths and strategies. In this study, we explore the benefits of repetitive practice of short-answer…

The extent to which the targeted outcomes in education are achieved can be determined by the educational assessment process. Although various alternative ways of assessment have arisen in recent decades, written examinations are still widely used by teachers. This study aims to determine the quality of the questions used by middle school…

In second language writing assessment, rating scales and scores from human-mediated assessment have been criticized for a number of shortcomings including problems with adequacy, relevance, and reliability (Hamp-Lyons, 1990; McNamara, 1996; Weigle, 2002). In its testing practice, Euroexam International also detected that the rating scales for…

Assessment of higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) provides few opportunities for students to develop more in-depth knowledge, serving students' ability to identify and solve their problems. One type of instrument for measuring HOTS objectively is the two-tier multiple-choice test (TTMCT). This research is part of the research and development…

The perpetual decline of students' performance in external geography examinations necessitated this enquiry to identify causes of failure reported by examiners. This study, therefore, adopted a qualitative approach to analyze West African Examination Council (WAEC) chief examiners' reports from 2008 to 2018 to extract vital information on why…

We developed assessment tasks aligned to the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) that require students to use argumentation and explanation practices along with disciplinary core ideas and crosscutting concepts to make sense of energy-related phenomena. Scoring rubrics were created to evaluate students' ability to make accurate claims, cite…

Mathematical creativity instrument is a tool to assess students' creative thinking skills in solving mathematical problems. Mathematical creativity has a pivotal role in improving the quality of life, solving problems, making a change, and increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of a system. Unfortunately, there is a gap in the assessment of…

Item response theory (IRT) is a statistical paradigm for developing educational tests and assessing students. IRT, however, currently lacks an established graphical method for examining model fit for the three-parameter logistic model, the most flexible and popular IRT model in educational testing. A method is presented here to do this. The graph,…

This study compares the psychometric properties of reliability in Classical Test Theory (CTT), item information in Item Response Theory (IRT), and validation from the perspective of modern validity theory for the purpose of bringing attention to potential issues that might exist when testing organizations use both test theories in the same testing…

This study aims to determine whether items in the Ankara University Examination for Foreign Students Basic Learning Skills Test function differently according to country and gender using the Recursive Partitioning Analysis in the Rasch Model. The variables used in the recursive partitioning of the data are country and gender. The population of the…

Multiple-choice questions (MCQ) are commonly used on histology examinations. There are many guidelines for how to properly write MCQ and many of them recommend avoiding negatively worded stems. The current study aims to investigate differences between positively and negatively worded stems in a medical histology course by comparing the item…

This research describes the results of a national survey of entrepreneurial mindset conducted with 3,194 randomly selected individuals in a representative national sample. Several other measures of entrepreneurial personal characteristics appear in the literature. These include the Entrepreneurial Attitude Orientation measure (cf. EAO, Robinson,…

Solving a constructed-response item usually requires successfully performing a sequence of tasks. Each task could involve different attributes, and those required attributes may be "condensed" in various ways to produce the responses. The sequential generalized deterministic input noisy "and" gate model is a general cognitive…

In psychological and survey research, the prevalence and serious consequences of careless responses from unmotivated participants are well known. In this study, we propose to iteratively detect careless responders and cleanse the data by removing their responses. The careless responders are detected using person-fit statistics. In two simulation…

The "Participation and Sensory Environment Questionnaire--Teacher Version" (PSEQ-TV) is a teacher report questionnaire designed to examine the impact of the sensory environment on participation for preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study examines the construct validity of the assessment through principal…