A study explored similarities and differences in relative pronoun use by native speakers (NSs) and non-native speakers (NNSs) of English. The study was conducted with 40 university students, 20 NSs and 20 NNSs. Specifically, the study examined the frequency of relative pronoun use and the spontaneity of subjects' responses in completing a sentence…

A study of intrasentential code-switching in 21 Finnish-English bilinguals focuses on the characteristics of two types of switches: those that are fluent and those that reflect repair phenomena. Data are drawn from naturally occurring conversations. Analysis highlights patterns in the use of Finnish case morphology in 550 instances of switched…

Reflecting a view of how classrooms can and should look to assist all students to achieve high standards of excellence, this curriculum framework presents the first statewide framework for learning, teaching, and assessment in the English language arts for Massachusetts public schools. After an introduction, it discusses the core concept…

This paper examines the ways that intentions are formed in classroom interaction. The setting is an English lesson at a maritime institute, and the topic is the grounding of a freighter. The formation of intentions is seen as an interaction phenomenon. A systematic approach is adapted on mental phenomena. In this approach psychological phenomena,…

This study examines the special situation of nonnative speakers of English who teach foreign languages at U.S. institution. It argues that modules designed specifically for mentoring international foreign language teaching assistants (IFLTAs) must be included in teaching assistant workshops and seminars offered by foreign language departments.…

This collection of lesson plans focuses on the geography and culture of several Asian countries and is intended to be used with students in grades 6-12. Lessons in the collection are: (1) "Keeping the Faith: Comparison of Major Religious Cultures in India, Indonesia, and Vietnam" (Glenda Sullivan); (2) "Namaste, Menyapa, Chao, Bon…

This collection of papers is divided into five parts. Part 1, "The Native Speaker," includes "The (Non)Native Standard Language in Foreign Language Education: A Critical Perspective" (Robert W. Train) and "The Native Speaker, the Student, and Woody Allen: Examining Traditional Roles in the Foreign Language Classroom"…

This paper describes a collaborative project in which K-3 Navajo students used oral history interviews, archival photos, and primary documents to explore the history of their communities. Participating students attended schools that were implementing the Dine (Navajo) Language and Culture teaching perspective, which is based on the premises that…

In accordance with RSA (Revised Statutes Annotated) 193-C relative to the New Hampshire Educational Improvement and Assessment Program, the purpose of this framework is to serve: (1) as the basis for the development of assessment instruments to be administered, statewide, at the end-of-grades 3, 6, and 10; and (2) as a guide for making local…

This guide contains information and suggestions to help teachers review and evaluate textbooks and other materials for stereotypes, inaccuracies, omissions, and bias about American Indians and other Native Americans. Guidelines are presented to raise the awareness of educators and publishers about Native heritage, culture, and contemporary issues.…

Wish expression is the way by which wishes are expressed. These wishes are either fulfilled or unfulfilled. There are certain devices that are used in English and Arabic and these devices are used to express wishes. Fulfilled wishes are expressed by most devices of wish expression in both English and Arabic. In turn, unfulfilled wishes are…

The connections between language, reading, and cognitive development are considered, along with a method of teaching reading to young hearing impaired children. Principles underlying the Mount Gravatt Research Project in Australia that developed language based reading books for normally hearing children (2.5 to 6.5 years old) are examined. (SEW)

Describes an advanced, nonliterary Spanish course which can be adapted to high school classes. (EKN)

Linguistic and cognitive assessment of children whose home language is not English involves numerous complex issues: criteria for labeling minority children cognitively deficient, relationship between bilingualism and cognitive development, acquisition of Spanish and English by bilingual children, and design of programs for non-English speaking…

Argues that the lower class uses language to maintain social relationships more than to communicate information, and that lower and middle class differences in language usage explain much of the academic failure of disadvantaged and minority children. Proposes a functional approach for studying how language, socialization, and academic achievement…