Role conflict and role ambiguity were negatively related to job satisfaction of employment counselors and related positively to counselors' propensity to leave the agency. Privacy and time spent in counseling related negatively to role conflict. (Author)

In a study done to determine the importance of privacy during scoliosis screening, individual privacy was provided for some children. Results indicated a definite lessening of anxiety for those students screened privately. (JN)

The study involved a laboratory analogue simulating invasion of privacy by a third party in a counseling setting. The experimental design included 74 subjects randomly assigned to three experimental conditions, private, invasion, and spatial divider. Results strongly demonstrated reduced privacy decreases client self-disclosure. (Author)

Recent court decisions have diminished First Amendment protection by rejecting the appropriateness of the "New York Times" doctrine regarding privacy and private and public citizens. (KS)

Many parents demand the right to instruct their children at home regarding sexual issues, while educators want the right to be honest and forthright with their students. Homosexuality is a highly emotional issue, and people are divided as to whether discussions about it have a place in the classroom. Examines several court battles. (MLF)

Discusses the widespread practice of having students report their scores aloud in class. Gathers arguments against this practice from various laws and educational standards. Counters various reasons teachers offer justifying this practice with other perspectives showing its negative impact on students and emphasizing students' right to privacy.…

Reviews legislation and regulations affecting libraries and the publishing industry, including the Museum and Library Services Act; Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI); copyright; access to electronic government information; telecommunications and technology; electronic surveillance and privacy, including the USA Patriot Act;…

Describes a study of graduate students that examined how online privacy affects social presence in online learning environments and whether three types of computer-mediated communication, email, bulletin board, and real-time discussion, affect online privacy. Results of analysis of variance revealed that the correlation between social presence and…

Examines the major federal and state laws that govern the privacy aspects of the use of computer databases in three areas: private institutions, state and local governments, and the federal government. The ability of existing privacy laws to prevent abusive information collection, dissemination, and management practices is evaluated. (four…

Examines four issues involved in "Webster v. Reproductive Health Services:" (1) the preamble to the 1986 Missouri statute on abortion, (2) prohibiting public employees from performing abortions, (3) public funds for encouraging abortion, and (4) gestational age and viability provision. Focuses on the effects on the continuing vitality of…

The metaphysical assumptions undergirding conventional (positivist) approaches to research in the social sciences provide a warrant both for deceptive research and for objectifying human research participants. The present status of ethical guidelines for inquiry are reviewed. Special ethical problems typical of naturalistic inquiry are outlined.…

When conflicts arise between the call for information in the name of public interest and the teacher's right to privacy, teachers' privacy should be respected by school boards and administrators unless the teacher's private life impairs the fulfillment of professional responsibilities. (IAH)

After school boards have adopted a policy on continued school attendance or employment by persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), they must address the related policy areas of sanitation and privacy, and review and update AIDS policies regularly. (MLF)

Discusses problems and ethical issues associated with access to special collections in the humanities. Topics include access to the Dead Sea Scrolls; scholastic monopolies and access barriers; access restrictions and destroyed documents; privacy rights and professional codes of confidentiality; fair use of unpublished manuscripts; and the Freedom…

Reviews policy issues surrounding decisions by governments to make available or to withhold information from government files that can be linked to identifiable individuals. Outlines the debate over access to public records, identifies policies that impact on disclosure decisions, and discusses options and approaches to address access and privacy…