A study evaluated the higher order thinking skills model developed at the Mid-continent Regional Educational Laboratory. A primary thesis of the thinking skills model is that the majority of the cognitive skills considered relevant to academic success can be categorized into three distinct groups: (1) learning-to-learn skills, (2) content thinking…

Noting the differences in processing information by reading and by listening, two studies examined subjects' ability to detect errors in written and oral prose. In both experiments, college students were presented with four expository passages drawn from different written sources. All passages were approximately 300 words and 5 paragraphs long,…

Two studies carried out by James Squire and Jesse Stuart explored processes used in reading the short story, ways of exploring student's processes, possibilities within the short story as a literary genre, and methods teachers can use. Squire's study showed that introspection and retrospection are useful in studying students' reading processes. In…

A study investigated whether three types of journalistic material--news stories, news articles, and news reports--could be reliably distinguished from one another, and whether these genres had differential appeal to audiences. News reports are defined as succinct reports of facts, while news articles represent a more analytic form of reporting,…

A presentation of the history of reading instruction in the United States, this book is a special edition of Nila Banton Smith's original 1965 volume with the addition of a prologue on her life, and an epilogue which updates the history of reading instruction from 1965 to 1985. Chapter headings consist of: (1) The Beginnings of Reading…

Although techniques of measuring reading rate have been studied and reported in the literature, actual practice is not always consistent with the findings. A study reexamined the reading rate issue in light of additional information regarding the test-taking experience provided directly by the test takers themselves. The purpose of the study was…

The prevailing assumption underlying practice in the classroom is that children acquire most of their new words from context during silent reading. The trouble with learning from silent reading is that many pupils do not read widely or quickly enough. Reading aloud to children will, however, allow them to participate in activity that they all can…

Distinguishing between interpretive and formal models of discourse processing and between qualitative and quantitative research, this paper argues that formal models are the analogues of interpretive models, and that the two are complementary. It observes that interpretive models of reading are being increasingly derived from qualitative research…

The report discusses speech processes in reading by critically considering recent available evidence and by proposing a general model of speech processes. Stating that much work has been guided by the question of whether speech recoding precedes lexical access, the report proposes that a richer understanding of speech processes in reading must…

This bibliography contains 35 annotations on resources in the ERIC database (ranging from 1982 to 1988) dealing with strategies to help dyslexic students. The bibliography is arranged into three sections: the first section provides an overview of dyslexia, the second section contains several citations on instructional strategies that can be used…

Metalinguistic cognition is the ability to think about language, to comment on it, to produce it, to comprehend it, and to manipulate language as an object with many identifiable and functional parts. It appears that metalinguistic skill development is related to cognitive development and is dependent on metalinguistic awareness which runs…

This paper takes a critical look at the Commission on Reading report, "Becoming a Nation of Readers," to suggest some directions for future research. The paper analyzes some of the general statements made in the report and focuses in depth on three issues: motivation and reading, comprehension instruction, and emergent literacy. The…

To investigate the relationship between a kindergartner's prior experience with print and the child's scores on Marie Clay's Concepts About Print Test, a study examined 23 kindergarten students from an upper middle class neighborhood. A 27-item questionnaire was given to parents at the beginning of the school year, asking what their children knew…

A study examined fourth grade students' written definitions to determine if definitions or aspects of definitions were schematized by the students. Subjects, 89 students from several Midwestern suburban school districts and 15 inservice and preservice teachers enrolled at a nearby college, were asked to write definitions of 16 words, four each of…

A study examined: (1) whether a relationship exists between self-concept relating to reading and reading performance of school children in grades three and four; and (2) whether it is possible to identify the four types of self-concept proposed by M. Levesque and derived from Staats Paradigmatic Behaviorism (positive-realistic,…