In this paper the author examines the "encoding-decoding" model of speaking and understanding English. He reviews in detail an objection to the model: that it was specifically designed with a view to incorporating linguistic theories, such as syntax, into it. As a result, what it more or or less accurately represents is the relation…

This study attempted (1) to identify the auding levels of achievement of first grade children, (2) to compare the auding achievement of children in the first grade who had 1 year of pre-primary instruction with children in the first grade as their first year of systematic schooling, and (3) to explore the extent of the relationships between the…

This paper will outline some of the ways in which the language of the test instrument can be a factor in affecting the performance of a given child or group of children on a test. In tests of quantitative intelligence, mathematical skills, conceptual knowledge, readiness and aptitude, it is not reasonable to think of the language of the test as a…

This book provides the teacher with an array of suggested listening and oral communication activities designed for use in brief periods varying from five to fifteen minutes. Illustrations were purposely omitted since the children are to be encouraged to visualize and to use their imaginations. Activities provide experiences designed to improve…

This study was conducted to determine what effect instruction in listening skills would have on reading achievement and listening comprehension of third grade students. "A Skills Oriented Curriculum to Teach Listening," by Metfessel and Hammond, was used to instruct the students, who were then tested to determine whether it had had an effect.…

The primary purposes of this research were to discover any differences between deaf and normal speech compressed 15 or 30 percent related to level of comprehension test, sex of speaker, and form of test, and to learn whether there was a relationship between percent of compression and degree of comprehension. The subjects--219 undergraduates at…

Selected possibilities for improving the listening of kindergarten children were investigated. Seven experimental teachers, seven control teachers, an experimental group (125 kindergarten children), and two control groups (127 and 122 children, respectively) took part in the study. Twenty listening lessons and a Listening Response Test, composed…

In order to determine what aspects of information from prose are available for recall after one presentation of a passage and what aspects are learned with additional presentations, two passages were divided into idea units. These units were placed in a logical hierarchical structure for each passage, and scores were assigned to the idea units on…

The purpose of this study was to determine if training auditorially would improve listening comprehension and/or reading comprehension and if visual training with the Cloze Procedure would improve reading and/or listening comprehension. The experimental reading group received training visually with the Cloze Procedure and the experimental…

This paper summarizes two studies which examine children's free recall of letter sequences in an auditory presentation. In both studies, sequences of six or eight letters were presented to 80 third-grade and 80 eighth-grade pupils, at the rate of one item every other second or four items per second. In the first study, where recall was either…

Aural comprehension is analyzed and seen as active, not passive. A catalog of interference factors leads to a catalog of learning objectives. These have primacy over questions of method. Hence media must be examined with respect to attainment of learning objectives. Lab work is especially useful here. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)

In the university French program discussed here, students paraphrase literary passages. The analysis of their errors is used to measure their language competence and to indicate the level of language instruction needed. (Text is in French.) (MS)

Briefly explores logical analysis and empirical research related to the nature of reading and listening comprehension. Formulates an instructional framework to account for comprehension levels and competencies, giving attention to questioning strategies of value to the practitioner in the classroom. (Author/RK)

The author, a composer and the director of an electronic music lab, is concerned with developing an "aesthetic" in listening to electronic music. Describes an approach he has found to be successful with his students--one that provides "a mode of understanding, a vehicle for making aesthetic decisions". (Editor/RK)