The purpose of this study is to investigate pre-service science teachers' sustainable environmental education behaviour and the factors affecting them in terms of some variables (gender and grade level). The study group of the current research is comprised of 206 pre-service teachers attending the Department of Science Education in the Faculty of…

The aim of this paper is to approach the teaching of the Poisson distribution in a friendly and amusing way. It constitutes a common practice to adopt the main probability distributions in order to predict results of sport events and to estimate the win return of betting activities (Chalikias 2009). In particular, by using the Poisson…

Student preference for use of notes during test-taking, and performance outcomes with and without notes, is documented. While alleviating testing anxiety, usage of notes does little to affect testing outcomes, either positively or negatively. This study, undertaken across four semesters, both with and without use of a note sheet, finds no…

Homework is prevalent in mathematics courses, as are cumulative final exams. This study incorporated the memory science concepts of the "testing effect" and "spacing effect" in the homework and final exam of college mathematics courses. By replacing some new homework problems with review problems, students had additional…

Equating of psychometric scales and tests is frequently required and conducted in educational, behavioral, and clinical research. Construct comparability or equivalence between measuring instruments is a necessary condition for making decisions about linking and equating resulting scores. This article is concerned with a widely applicable method…

This study aimed to examine the effect of using items from previous exams on students? pass-fail rates and on the psychometric properties of the tests and items. The study included data from 115 tests and 11,500 items used in the midterm and final exams of 3,910 students in the preclinical term at the Faculty of Medicine from 2014 to 2019. Data…

At the end of every school year, particularly as students move on to middle or high school, educators throughout the nation face the same question: To reclassify or not to reclassify English Language Learners (ELLs)? The reclassification decision is tricky because it sometimes feels as if there is an inevitable tradeoff between specialized…

As a relevant cognitive-motivational aspect of ICT literacy, a new construct "ICT Engagement" is theoretically based on self-determination theory and involves the factors ICT interest, Perceived ICT competence, Perceived autonomy related to ICT use, and ICT as a topic in social interaction. In this manuscript, we present different…

The purpose of this study is (1) to assess the level of environmental knowledge and attitudes of students in grade 1 to 3 of senior middle schools in Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, (2) to estimate whether the grade level and gender influence their environmental knowledge and attitudes or not, and (3) to research the relationship…

In this paper we assert that the practice of principled assessment design renders traditional standard-setting methodology redundant at best and contradictory at worst. We describe the rationale for, and methodological details of, Embedded Standard Setting (ESS; previously, Engineered Cut Scores. Lewis, 2016), an approach to establish performance…

It is demonstrated that the popular three-parameter logistic model can lead to markedly inaccurate individual ability level estimates for mixture populations. A theoretically and empirically important setting is initially considered where (a) in one of two subpopulations (latent classes) the two-parameter logistic model holds for each item in a…

In computer-based testing (CBT) environments instructors can provide students with feedback immediately. Commonly, instructors give students their percentage correct without additional descriptive feedback. Our objectives were (a) to compare students' perceived usefulness of a percentage-only score report vs. a descriptive feedback report in a CBT…

The elucidation of odour awareness in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is important. We compared the odour awareness of young children with ASD with those of typical development (TD) children using the Children's Olfactory Behavior in Everyday Life (COBEL) questionnaire, which is a self-report measure that mainly assesses odour…

The aim of this study is to investigate the anger, personality and anxiety levels of the football players who actively play football and the football players who have left football. A total 496 football players, 162 women and 334 men, participated in the research in Istanbul in 2018. Spielberger's Anger Style scale, the Eysenck Personality…

This study introduces a novel differential item functioning (DIF) method based on propensity score matching that tackles two challenges in analyzing performance assessment data, that is, continuous task scores and lack of a reliable internal variable as a proxy for ability or aptitude. The proposed DIF method consists of two main stages. First,…