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Peer reviewed
Direct linkHerrington, John D.; Riley, Meghan E.; Grupe, Daniel W.; Schultz, Robert T. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2015
This study examines whether deficits in visual information processing in autism-spectrum disorder (ASD) can be offset by the recruitment of brain structures involved in selective attention. During functional MRI, 12 children with ASD and 19 control participants completed a selective attention one-back task in which images of faces and houses were…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Cognitive Processes, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
DeMillo, Richard A. – MIT Press, 2015
Colleges and universities have become increasingly costly, and, except for a handful of highly selective, elite institutions, unresponsive to twenty-first-century needs. But for the past few years, technology-fueled innovation has begun to transform higher education, introducing new ways to disseminate knowledge and better ways to learn--all at…
Descriptors: Educational Change, Educational Innovation, Access to Education, Paying for College
Muehlmann, A. M.; Kies, S. D.; Turner, C. A.; Wolfman, S.; Lewis, M. H.; Devine, D. P. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2012
Background: Self-injurious behaviour (SIB) is prevalent in neurodevelopmental disorders, but its expression is highly variable within, and between diagnostic categories. This raises questions about the factors that contribute to aetiology and expression of SIB. Expression of SIB is generally described in relation to social reinforcement. However,…
Descriptors: Animals, Injuries, Neurology, Rating Scales
Interhemispheric Temporal Lobe Connectivity Predicts Language Impairment in Adolescents Born Preterm
Northam, Gemma B.; Liegeois, Frederique; Tournier, Jacques-Donald; Croft, Louise J.; Johns, Paul N.; Chong, Wui K.; Wyatt, John S.; Baldeweg, Torsten – Brain, 2012
Although language difficulties are common in children born prematurely, robust neuroanatomical correlates of these impairments remain to be established. This study investigated whether the greater prevalence of language problems in preterm (versus term-born) children might reflect injury to major intra- or interhemispheric white matter pathways…
Descriptors: Injuries, Evidence, Brain, Neurological Impairments
Goddings, Anne-Lise; Burnett Heyes, Stephanie; Bird, Geoffrey; Viner, Russell M.; Blakemore, Sarah-Jayne – Developmental Science, 2012
The social brain undergoes developmental change during adolescence, and pubertal hormones are hypothesized to contribute to this development. We used fMRI to explore how pubertal indicators (salivary concentrations of testosterone, oestradiol and DHEA; pubertal stage; menarcheal status) relate to brain activity during a social emotion task.…
Descriptors: Puberty, Brain, Cognitive Development, Social Development
Download full textInteragency Autism Coordinating Committee, 2020
Each year, the Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee (IACC) releases a list of scientific advances that represent significant progress in the field. The "2020 Summary of Advances in Autism Research" provides short, plain language summaries of the top research breakthroughs selected by the IACC from a pool of research articles…
Descriptors: Autism Spectrum Disorders, Research, Research Methodology, Scientific Research
Gilpin, Ansley; Mennen, Ferol; Pakulak, Eric; Sommer, Teresa Eckrich; Dwyer, Kathleen M.; Cannon, Erin; Bell, Theodore; Boxmeyer, Caroline; Chase-Lansdale, P. Lindsay; Chor, Elise; DeCaro, Jason; Dela Cruz, Kenn Lacsamana; Giuliano, Ryan; Gomsrud, Melissa; Karns, Christina; Klein, Scott; Lochman, John; Longoria, Zayra; Molina, Abigail Palmer; Monro, William; Neville, Helen; O'Neil, Lauren; Reynolds, Mary Margaret; Sabol, Terri J.; Sclafani, Marisa; Tighe, Lauren A. – Administration for Children & Families, 2020
This brief introduces four research projects testing promising interventions funded under the Head Start University Partnerships (HSUP): Dual-Generation Approaches1 grant program. Two-generation approaches are typically designed to address problems associated with poverty by combining child-focused services with adult-focused services. Head Start…
Descriptors: Disadvantaged Youth, Preschool Education, Early Intervention, Childhood Needs
Kreck, Carol – Education Commission of the States, 2014
Education Commission of the States (ECS) reviewed legislation in the 50 states to see how state leaders are responding to concerns about concussions in youth sports. This report reviews state responses to concussion concerns, and provides examples of provisions put in place by California, Connecticut, and Texas. Three emerging innovations are…
Descriptors: State Legislation, Team Sports, Athletics, Head Injuries
Montey, Karen L.; Eaton, Nicolette C.; Quinlan, Elizabeth M. – Learning & Memory, 2013
Severe amblyopia, characterized by a significant reduction in visual acuity through the affected eye, is highly resistant to reversal in adulthood. We have previously shown that synaptic plasticity can be reactivated in the adult rat visual cortex by dark exposure, and the reactivated plasticity can be harnessed to promote the recovery from severe…
Descriptors: Visual Acuity, Visual Impairments, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Animals
Kim, Soyun; Borst, Grégoire; Thompson, William L.; Hopkins, Ramona O.; Kosslyn, Stephen M.; Squire, Larry R. – Learning & Memory, 2013
In four experiments, we explored the capacity for spatial mental imagery in patients with hippocampal lesions, using tasks that minimized the role of learning and memory. On all four tasks, patients with hippocampal lesions performed as well as controls. Nonetheless, in separate tests, the patients were impaired at remembering the materials that…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Memory, Brain, Injuries
Fernando, Chrisantha – Cognitive Science, 2013
How do human infants learn the causal dependencies between events? Evidence suggests that this remarkable feat can be achieved by observation of only a handful of examples. Many computational models have been produced to explain how infants perform causal inference without explicit teaching about statistics or the scientific method. Here, we…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Infants, Inferences, Causal Models
Colom, Roberto; Stein, Jason L.; Rajagopalan, Priya; Martinez, Kenia; Hermel, David; Wang, Yalin; Alvarez-Linera, Juan; Burgaleta, Miguel; Quiroga, Ma. Angeles; Shih, Pei Chun; Thompson, Paul M. – Intelligence, 2013
Here we apply a method for automated segmentation of the hippocampus in 3D high-resolution structural brain MRI scans. One hundred and four healthy young adults completed twenty one tasks measuring abstract, verbal, and spatial intelligence, along with working memory, executive control, attention, and processing speed. After permutation tests…
Descriptors: Females, Intelligence, Brain, Spatial Ability
Connell, Louise; Cai, Zhenguang G.; Holler, Judith – Brain and Cognition, 2013
The nature of the connection between musical and spatial processing is controversial. While pitch may be described in spatial terms such as "high" or "low", it is unclear whether pitch and space are associated but separate dimensions or whether they share representational and processing resources. In the present study, we asked participants to…
Descriptors: Memory, Spatial Ability, Video Technology, Singing
Newman, Aaron J.; Kenny, Sophie; Saint-Aubin, Jean; Klein, Raymond M. – Brain and Language, 2013
When asked to search for a target letter while reading, the patterns with which people miss the target letter reveal information about the process of reading itself. Questions remain as to whether this paradigm reflects normal reading processes however. We used a novel continuous-performance neuroimaging paradigm to address this question. In…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Diagnostic Tests, Models, Cognitive Development
Smucny, Jason; Rojas, Donald C.; Eichman, Lindsay C.; Tregellas, Jason R. – Brain and Cognition, 2013
Selective attention in the presence of distraction is a key aspect of healthy cognition. The underlying neurobiological processes, have not, however, been functionally well characterized. In the present study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to determine how ecologically relevant distracting noise affects cortical activity in 27…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Attention, Schemata (Cognition), Neurology
