Henry David Thoreau's stand on civil disobedience is traced, specifically his change of position from 1848 to 1860, and takes issue with the classical statement of Thoreau on the subject, namely, his "Resistance to Civil Government." (RK)

Reports results of experiment to determine whether mental models are constructed of interrelationships and cross-relationships of character attributions drawn in themes of novels and films. The study used "Animal Farm" in print and cartoon forms. Results demonstrated validity of multidimensional scaling for representing both media.…

The author states that by neglecting to give essay tests, teachers not only eliminate the motivation to read and write but also fail to test for a deep understanding of the material. The author presents guidelines for designing essay questions. (CT)

Reports on place of the Festschrift--collection of essays written by several different scholars and published in honor of one scholar--in the library collection. Topics covered include definitions, history and development, occasions for publishing of Festschriften, bibliographic control, nomenclature, circulation, quality, and Festschrift as…

Excerpts from "The President's Spouse: Volunteer or Volunteered" are presented. The book includes essays by women married to higher education leaders and covers a variety of topics: entertaining, fund-raising, the delicate relationship with the board, family considerations, self-identity, and the question of remuneration. (MLW)

Suggests that this author offers a picture of more than just segmented Caribbean social structure and its determining effects on the response of the characters. (AM)

The impacts of computers on writing have been widely studied for three decades. Even basic computers functions, i.e. word processing, have been of great assistance to writers in modifying their essays. The research on Automated Essay Scoring (AES) has revealed that computers have the capacity to function as a more effective cognitive tool (Attali,…

This study examined the reliability of scores assigned to the essays written by Kentucky students to meet the University Writing Requirement (UWR) at Eastern Kentucky University. Two sets of essays, 50 each, on the same prompt that had been read and scored in 1989 and 1997 by trained UWR scorers were read by 7 UWR scorers in 2000. A correlation…

Reviews the major anthologies designed for freshman college composition courses, emphasizing the need to develop instructional materials under given theses. (RB)

Describes how James Baldwin in his essays unravels the complexities of the present--complexities which involve the history and projected future of blacks, as well as their turbulent present. Baldwin's vision is not of a monolithic society but of tranquility within duality, an acceptance of two-ness in American society. (RJ)

The transition from a functionally pragmatic interpretation of history to a humanistic existential one is explored by comparing the philosophy of the eminent intellectual historian, Carl Becker, with that of Jose Ortega y Gasset, who interprets history from a humanistic point of view. (Author/SM)

Examples of errors and excess wording found on examinations are given. Some suggestions for improvement are given. (RH)

Discusses existing methods of correcting essays in second language instruction and suggests an approach which takes into account both grammatical accuracy and difficulty of the topic set, permitting greater fairness and consistency of evaluation. (Author/BK)

To obtain information on the efficacy of college essay tests a study was undertaken to determine strategies used by students in answering essay tests. Expressing a similar opinion to the teacher's is the most common strategy. This finding casts doubt on the assumption that essay tests provide opportunity for students to exercise creativity and…

Focuses the attention of the school media supervisor on instructional planning as one major element that could be lacking in a media program designed to meet current educational challenges. Discusses institutional factors, personal factors, and changing conditions of the job that influence such planning. (Author/JD)