This study assessed the bipolarity of cognitive style for 970 clients of the Johnson O'Connor Research Foundation, a vocational guidance service. The 462 male and 508 female examinees were aged 14 to 65 years, with a median age of 24 years. Three cognitive style tests were investigated: (1) the Kagan Matching Familiar Figures Test (KMFFT); (2) the…

The 50 nonverbal tests in this bibliography assess aptitude and cognitive skills using various nonverbal means, such as pictures, symbols, or figures. They are useful in testing those who may have reading difficulties or those for whom English is not the primary language. Not included are aptitude measure that have both verbal and nonverbal…

The 40 tests cited in this bibliography are for elementary through adult level, including measures of pictorial creativity, achievement in design, interest and attitudes, knowledge, art education, art history, and aesthetic judgment. This document is one in a series of topical bibliographies from the Test Collection (TC) at the Educational Testing…

The purpose of this investigation was to examine historical changes in aptitude scores. Recent literature suggesting a decline in the quality of the U.S. workforce is reviewed, and an expectation that score distributions on aptitude tests have shifted in a negative direction is presented. Archival analyses of normative data for the Short…

G. L. Anderson reported finding an interaction between drill and meaningful methods of instruction with fourth grade student ability and achievement. The reanalysis overturns Anderson's conclusion that there is an aptitude treatment interaction within classes. (BJG)

The brochure provides an overview of the components of vocational assessment used in many Cooperative Services Model (CSM) projects in New York State. Federal and state requirements for vocational assessment for students with handicapping conditions, the purpose of vocational assessment, and a suggested vocational assessment model are discussed.…

An overview is presented of current issues in the assessment of gifted and talented persons, with an emphasis on generalizable and universal talents and the operational methods used in their identification. The Chinese were seeking out talented individuals through formal identification procedures as early as 2200 BC. In the Western world, the use…

Questions concerning individual differences in learning ability may be more precisely addressed in light of an agreed-upon taxonomy of learning skills. Existing taxonomies are reviewed, and their shortcomings are described. A taxonomy is then proposed based on a synthesis of current thought consisting of four dimensions: the forms of knowledge;…

This study examines the developmental status of young mothers' social and logical-physical reasoning in relation to the characteristics of their interactions with their infants. A total of 36 mothers 15 to 21 years of age and their 4-month-old infants were videotaped in their homes during play, infant teaching, and bathing. Selman's "concepts…

The thesis of this paper is that social class profoundly affects performance on IQ, aptitude, and specific school learning abilities and disabilities tests, and that a fair, quantitative measurement of socioeconomically depressed students is only possible with local or comparable norms. The controversial issue in such testing of students is the…

It is argued that the close relationship between learning and testing is best exemplified in achievement tests, which are designed both to reinforce learning and to provide feedback about the effectiveness of teaching. Of the four types of achievement tests (placement, formative, diagnostic, and summative), two (formative and diagnostic) are…

This study investigated the common assumption of non-rigor associated with teacher preparation programs. Specifically, the study attempted to answer the question: "Are high school grades, Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores, and college/university grades significant predictors of final grades in the teacher education classroom?" Forty…

Stephen Krashen's L2 (Second Language) Acquisition/Learning Theory and Georgi Lozanov's method of teaching through suggestion are compared in both their underlying theories and classroom applications. The seven component hypotheses of Krashen's theory and their neurological implications are analyzed for their agreement or disagreement with the…

This review of the evolution of programmed instruction from Pressey and Skinner to the present suggests that current computer technology will be able to free the learner from the limitations of time and place as Pressey originally proposed. It is noted that Skinner provided the necessary foundation for treating the learning process on an…

The nature of novice programmers' mental models for BASIC statements following preliminary BASIC instruction was assessed with 30 undergraduates who were taught BASIC through a self-paced, mastery manual and who were simultaneously given hands-on access to an Apple II microcomputer. Following instruction, the students were tested to determine…