An examination of the word-finding problems and nonverbal communication in the conversations of three aphasic patients revealed three different patterns of communicative strategies and success in different kinds of activities, such as tests and conversation. One, with mainly a parietal lesion, hesitates often with turn-keeping gestures and stops…

This paper examines the tacit assumptions behind different theories about the nature of language and aphasia, and it discusses critically the use of structural and generative linguistic theories to explain the behavior of aphasics, especially with regard to the difference between spoken and written discourse. It is proposed that, rather than try…

This transcript and guide of a two-cassette course is designed to assist native Arabic-speaking immigrants eliminate their foreign accents. The course is appropriate for either individual or group study. The guide includes narrative and taped demonstrations of American English that pinpoint typical phonological barriers and pronunciation…

The purpose of this study was to replicate the Bentti, Golden, and Reigeluth study (1983), which explored the use of nonexamples to teach common errors as an effective strategy in teaching a procedure. A total of 24 undergraduate students enrolled in the Syracuse University Symphonic Band were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a…

Studies on typing done at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) are reviewed. The first of five chapters is a glossary of terms and classification of typing errors. Chapter 2 provides an overview of the variety of research approaches used to examine typing, including studies of continuous (transcription) and discontinuous (discrete…

This study investigated how students processed information obtained by reading a passage related to inertial reference frames. Two groups of 10th-grade students (one group consisting of students identified as potential National Merit Scholars and another consisting of students enrolled in level-I biology) read a science text passage and answered a…

Some possible reasons why remediation is needed in mathematics instruction are presented. The need to diagnose the problem and then provide appropriate, effective remediation is discussed. Four guiding principles for diagnosis are presented, followed by six questions covering hypotheses about the source of the difficulty. Suggestions are then…

The assumptions underpinning grammatical mistakes can often be detected by looking for patterns of errors in a student's work. Assumptions that negatively influence rhetorical effectiveness can similarly be detected through error analysis. On a smaller scale, error analysis can also reveal assumptions affecting rhetorical choice. Snags in the…

Writing samples of 97 students in remedial writing classes were analyzed to determine error patterns in writing mechanics and the predominance of specific errors. Students were grouped according to individual student profiles and error patterns which indicated additional similarities and differences among individuals. Analysis indicated that most…

The paper describes two experiments using the Computational Mathematics Monitoring System (CMMS) with mildly handicapped (educable mentally retarded-EMR and learning disabled-LD) students. In the first study, data is presented on the summative evaluation of the CMMS with 19 Ss. It is explained that evaluation results do not provide clear-cut…

With the theory that social and personal values influence the conduct of evaluation studies in education, the author discusses the impact of two major sources of such values--contextual factors, including political, social and organizational influences; and the terminology, models, and personal values of evaluators. Alternative purposes for an…

Solving equations in elementary algebra requires knowledge of the permitted operations, and knowledge of what operation to use at a given point in the solution process. While just these kinds of knowledge would be adequate for an ideal solver, human solvers appear to need and use other kinds of knowledge. First, many errors seem to indicate that…

This report evaluating the Kansas Reflection-Impulsivity Scale for Preschoolers (KRISP), developed as an easier task version of the Matching Familiar Figures Test for school-age children, presents an analysis of data on 1,408 children of widely varying backgrounds. Eighteen samples of children, ranging in age from 2 years and 5 months to 6 years…

First language and second language learners have to learn through making mistakes. Foreign language learners do not have to learn, to anything like the same extent, in this way. Foreign language teachers should study students' mistakes in order better to understand how they are learning and mislearning. Teachers should try to avoid language…

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of error analysis in specifying and planning remedial treatment in second language learning. Part 1 discusses situations that demand remedial action. This is a quantitative assessment that requires measurement of the varying degrees of disparity between the learner's knowledge and the demands of the…