This paper presents a scientific rationale for deciding the number of points to use on a grading scale in any given assessment situation. The rationale is applied to two common methods of assessment (multiple-choice and essay tests) and an example of a composite assessment. (Author/SJL)

There is no coherent view of childhood providing a consistent influence on legal decisions. Laws regarding the legal status of children should be better related to the degree of protection required by the child's developmental stage. (Author/EB)

A validational procedure was used, which involved a matrix of intercorrelations among tests reresenting four areas of Chartered Life Underwriter content knowledge, each measured by objective multiple-choice and essay methods. Results indicated that the two methods of measuring the same trait yielded fairly consistent estimates of content…

The effect of context on the scoring of essays was examined by arranging that the scoring of the criterion essay would be preceded either by five superior essays or by five inferior essays. The contrast in essay quality had the hypothesized effect. Other effects were not significant. (CTM)

Offers an essay on the "obscenities" of Shakespeare's "Macbeth," to be used as a class exercise in critical reading, diction, and tone. (RL)

Reviews what stress is and how it affects people. Describes some company programs in stress management, and examines implications of stress training for trainers. (CSS)

Discusses the effective rhetoric of Dr. King's "Letter" in terms of his use of refutative logic to address two audiences simultaneously, using one to provide a focus through which the other could be addressed. The "Letter" is adapted to both audiences on structural, logical, and stylistic levels. (JMF)

Discusses the interactive role supervisors and directors of school media centers must assume and processes which they must implement in order to maintain their positions in the educational setting. Article uses examples of supervisory interface in the Cleveland Public Schools with social studies, research and development, and community resources.…

Given its power to mold society, information is a resource of unlimited value. A case in point is the value of information in World War II. National survival may depend on breaking the barrier between nationwide library cooperation and institutional competitiveness. (SW)

Successful teacher education and effective teacher and student motivation may be obtainable through a positive approach to the Hawthorne Effect, which is the principle that increased attention to an operative situation leads to an increased productivity by that operation, regardless of all other surrounding variables. (LH)

Socio-historical, demographic, political, and cultural aspects of Caribbean migration to New York are discussed. New York is seen as a traditional port of entry of immigrants and as an indicator of economic and political development of the United Satates. Changes resulting from the recent increase in Caribbean immigrants are examined. (Author/MC)

Three Denver neighborhoods are used in this comparative analysis to investigate the extent to which racial composition, population, or income influence commercial land use succession patterns and total business composition. (EB)

The influx of middle class individuals and families from the suburbs to the cities is reversing the trend of decay in American cities. Rehabilitation and revitalization are underway in many downtown areas. (RLV)

Although some American cities are seeing the revitalization of downtown areas, retail businesses are declining and most cities are losing population. The picture for urban policy is not good, in terms of both the targeting and magnitude of federal urban aid. (Author/RLV)

Presents a use study of library materials to emphasize the need for an "access" philosophy of providing library service. Other topics considered in this "forecast" include resource-sharing library networks, network topologies, and library and network functions. (Author/JD)