Growing evidence suggests that preservice candidates receive better coaching and are more instructionally effective when they are mentored by more instructionally effective cooperating teachers (CTs). Yet teacher education program leaders indicate it can be difficult to recruit instructionally effective teachers to serve as CTs, in part because…

This chapter introduces the learner profiles and the sociocultural roadmap of participating Chinese graduate students. The learner profiles illustrate the demographic and linguistic background of each participating student. Their lived experiences include pre-departure experience (i.e., learning the English language as a foreign language),…

Power analysis is a fundamental prerequisite for conducting scientific research. Without power analysis the researcher has no way of knowing whether the sample size is large enough to detect the effect he or she is looking for. This paper demonstrates how psychometric factors such as measurement error and equating error affect the power of…

Current procedures for equating number-correct scores using traditional item response theory (IRT) methods assume local independence. However, when tests are constructed using testlets, one concern is the violation of the local item independence assumption. The testlet response theory (TRT) model is one way to accommodate local item dependence.…

This study investigates behavioral executive functions (EFs) in the mathematics classroom context among adolescents with different mathematics performance levels. The EF problems were assessed by teachers using a behavioral rating inventory. Using cutoff scores on a standardized mathematics assessment, groups with mathematics difficulties (MD; n =…

Most language proficiency exams in Europe are presently developed so that reported scores can be related to the "Common European Framework of Reference for Languages" (CEFR; (Council of Europe. 2001. "Common European framework of reference for languages: learning, teaching, assessment." Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.).…

When conducting biological investigations, experts constantly integrate their conceptual and quantitative understanding of variation with the design and analysis of the investigation. This process is difficult for students, because curricula often treat these concepts as separate components. This study describes the effect of a curricular…

In order to cultivate students to be able to participate in public affairs and make decisions about socioscientific issues (SSI), a web-based module was designed for students to collaboratively engage in the decision-making (DM) process. This study attempted to identify students' discourse characteristics that might lead to formulating an…

This systematic review examined the effects of distinct physical activity interventions on the academic achievement of school students based on an analysis of four distinct outcomes: mathematics, language, reading, and composite scores. This study was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines and the QUORUM statement. A literature search…

This mixed method study examines the leadership characteristics of Muslim school leaders in a multicultural context and studied the confirmatory factor analysis of leadership characteristics among Muslim school leaders. Using sequential explanatory approach, this research is divided in two phases. The first phase was a qualitative research and…

It should be noted that learning outcomes are not students' only achievement; attitude is also the main output in learning. This research explores students' attitudes toward science learning based on gender and the grade level of schools in Aceh, Indonesia. The participants are 1,023 students from the sixth grade of primary schools and the eighth…

This paper employed a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group to investigate the effects of the predict-observe-explain (POE) strategy on fourth grade students' academic achievement, attitudes towards science, and retention. Participants of the study were consisted of 60 students. Experimental (n=30) and control groups (n=30)…

Secondary education students do not usually perceive history as a subject connected with their lives, backgrounds and interests. At the same time, prospective and in-service teachers do not always have a coherent vision of this discipline, which can reflect on their students' perceptions. This study makes use of a theoretical framework developed…

High and low achievers' strategy use profiles in the speaking skill appear to be rare, with the few studies examining their strategy use profiles only in skills such as reading and writing. Another gap can be observed in the scrutiny of effective and ineffective strategy use in speaking tests. The study was carried out with thirty male and female…

The educational policy will be developing strong human competency in which teachers' research skill was one of most competency standards. This study introduces teachers' research skill development through the Wlodkowski's motivational approach and coaching and to study the teachers' attitude toward action research. This study also examines the…