The possibility of learning grammatical sequence patterns independently of any association between particular words is demonstrated through the use of substitution drills. (Author/FWB)

Graffiti analysis is an important means of understanding social and cultural realities at a given moment of a community's existence, realities that the media often treat only in generalizations. Comparisons of graffiti between places, periods, languages, and subjects may be revealing. (MSE)

Investigates sentence processing in a visual-gestural language by testing signers' recognition for American Sign Language sentences. Results indicate that signers decompose a complex sign into its lexical and inflectional components during sentence comprehension and remember the meaning expressed by these components rather than remembering the…

Five- and seven-year-old English and Spanish speaking children were tested on short term memory, perceptual matching, and referential communication tasks to determine the relationship between linguistic coordination and language group. English speakers had significantly lower performance on the communication and perceptual tasks. (Author/APM)

Internal-external (I-E) locus of control responses and patterns of word association responses were examined among Japanese and American students. The study attempted to place culturally different I-E responses in context by examining superordinate or background cultural-linguistic characteristics via word associations. (Author/APM)

Black English is a linguistic system which has a phonological base in West African languages. It has been influenced by various other languages. The containment of Blacks in ghettos has worked toward preserving Black English. (Author/MC)

Bilingualism, to be cognitively and academically beneficial, must be based on adequately developed first language skills. Two hypotheses, developmental interdependence and threshold, are integrated into a bilingual education model which treats background, child input, and educational treatment to explain educational outcomes. (Author/MH)

The ability of children between the ages of two years and four years, eight months, to produce locative pre- or postpositions was investigated in English, Italian, Serbocroatian, and Turkish to discover universals of conceptual and communicative development. (Author/AM)

Demonstrates that the contextual probability of lexical items in a continuous sample of spontaneous speech, as measured by the predictability of words in context, is related to word frequency. (Author/RL)

Reports the results of an examination of elementary, secondary, and adult materials for French and English language instruction, which sought to determine the nature of the Canadian cultural and linguistic reality expressed in these materials. (AM)

Seventy-five graduate students in speech pathology and audiology rated the speech and language of two educable mentally retarded and two normal six-year-old boys. (Author/PHR)

Discusses issues which "pertain to the success of children in school in answering test questions, the success of linguistic students in analyzing their answers, and generally the educational institution as a whole." Concludes that, "the main reason for reading failure in the inner cities is the cultural conflict between the educational system and…

Examines age differences in social interaction. Subjects range in age from five to 20. Results indicate female groups develop towards adult interpersonal behavior styles earlier than male groups. (Author)

Pattern practice is seen as a valuable means of mastering the regularities of language, including forms, combinations of forms (structure), and the combining of such structures into more complex constructions. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)