A study investigated the reading comprehension processes of gifted readers, specifically their use of comprehension strategies and their metacognitive awareness. Grade level differences in strategy use and metacognitive awareness were also examined. A standardized reading test and a metacognition questionnaire were administered to 100 gifted…

This report presents the results of a study designed to evaluate the Johnson O'Connor Research Foundation's (JOCRF's) measurement of structural visualization. Three experimental tests--the Incomplete Open Cubes Test, the Guilford-Zimmerman Spatial Visualization Test, and Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices--were added to the JOCRF's test battery…

The use of item response theory (IRT) is a prerequisite to successful use of computerized test systems. In item response models, as opposed to classical test theory, the abilities of the examinees and the properties of the items are parameterized separately. Therefore, when measuring the abilities of examinees, the model implicitly corrects for…

A study was conducted to determine the effect of graphic format--bar, line, table, and line-table graph--on the interpretation of numerical data by field dependent and field independent students. Ninety-six undergraduate students were given the Group Embedded Figures Test and randomly assigned to one of four treatments. During the testing phase,…

This 3-part guide is intended to help local school personnel serve their gifted students through participation in the Duke University (North Carolina) Talent Identification Program (TIP). Part I lists a timetable of activities during fall and spring which focus on the TIP application process and achievement testing. Part II describes a variety of…

This paper presents a model of cognitive development across the life span that is designed to integrate the diverse empirical evidence in the area of cognitive development in childhood and adulthood. Relevant research is reviewed in the relationships between performance and age, and the effects of training on performance. A model is then proposed…

Cloze tests assess the readability of a book for students in a far more personal way than formulas or standardized tests of reading comprehension. The cloze procedure reflects the total language abilities in the following ways: familiarity with sentence structure, context clues, and vocabulary, and the ability to draw inferences from written…

Educational and psychological measurement has been a main area of work for the Australian Council for Educational (ACER) since its inception. The theoretical and practical contributions of latent trait measurement and commentary on the relatively recent use of these models in Australia were the focus of a seminar celebrating the 50th anniversary…

A study was conducted to identify the separate influences of individual background characteristics and service environment on post-training attrition in the Army and Air Force. A second objective of the study was to determine whether the correlates of post-training attrition vary across services and military occupations. Data for the analysis of…

A study investigated the effects of a spatial adjunct aid--maps--upon probed comprehension and free recall with respect to a text in which map-related information (macropropositions) could be clearly distinguished from more abstract information (micropropositions). Forty-eight tenth grade students were randomly assigned to either a control group…

In 1982, a survey of California community colleges was conducted to determine which standardized tests were being used at entrance to college for matriculation and/or placement and to ascertain how satisfied users were with the instruments. Surveys were sent to administrators or staff involved with entrance and assessment practices at 106…

Three studies are described which compared the effects of headings in text in the form of questions with headings in the form of statements on the immediate factual recall of low-ability pupils in England. The first experiment used approximately 190 pupils, ages 11-12; the second used approximately 110 low-ability pupils, ages 14-15; and the third…

This set of 82 summaries is based on papers written between 1963 and 1982 concerning the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). TOEFL is currently required by more than 2,500 colleges and universities in the United States and Canada to determine the English proficiency of applicants whose native language is not English. It is also required…

Results indicate that simultaneous and successive processing and the speed of processing are viable individual difference variables. (Author)

Research supported by U.S. Office of Education Contract OEC-3-7-068694-2082