Applies a theory of role conflict to the position of peer tutor. Argues that tutors' roles are more complex and problematic than those of many other occupations but that role conflict theory can be helpful in discovering constructive ways to deal with tutorial role ambiguity and conflict. (RS)

Discussion of context focuses on the various contexts surrounding the design and use of intelligent tutoring systems and proposes an initial framework of contexts by classifying them into three major groupings: interactional; environmental, including classifications of knowledge and social environment; and objectival contexts. (Author/LRW)

Notes that the effectiveness of tutoring as an intervention is controversial. Reviews research on college tutoring practices. Concludes that existing research provides some support for tutoring but does not address the issue of whether tutored students are eventually able to perform as independent learners. (RS)

Provides a synthesis of what some of the popular and scholarly literature says about spirit. Narrates a writing-center story in which the writer's text served as a vehicle for a transformation of the people involved. Follows this with an analysis of the experience grounded in the literature on writing and spirit. (SR)

Examined the transition from other-regulation to self-regulation by studying correlational problem solving among 10 secondary school students individually tutored in problem solving. Quantitative discourse analysis supported the idea of a transition from other to self-regulation and qualitative analysis supported the idea of assimilation of the…

States that much has been written about whether writing center tutors should be generalists or specialists. Suggests that these arguments should be restructured around tutor-training theory and its relationship to social constructionism. Seeks a middle ground between the generalist and specialist poles through training theory and pedagogy to…

Analyzes claims with regard to GTE's (Generic Tutoring Environment) epistemological foundations and suggests that GTE's assumptions reveal a reductionist bias through the use of formalism. Implications for courseware design and instructional modeling are discussed. (Author/LRW)

Discusses GTE (Generic Tutoring Environment) and knowledge-based courseware engineering from an epistemological point of view and suggests some combination of the two approaches. Topics include intelligent tutoring; courseware authoring; application versus acquisition of knowledge; and domain knowledge. (LRW)

Discusses GTE (Generic Tutoring Environment) and courseware engineering and argues that GTE's theoretical knowledge base focuses on teaching as a good model for any kind of instruction and thus reduces its generic nature. Two examples of weak automation for instructional design are described that have broader knowledge bases. (Author/LRW)

Describes the results of the use of computer-based tutorials to teach the pathology of the cardiovascular system in a veterinary school in the United Kingdom. Concludes that the combined worksheet and computer based learning format is suitable for teaching veterinary pathology. (LRW)

Discusses motivation-based tactics and contrasts them with instruction based on student's assumed state of knowledge. Describes an intelligent tutoring system, MORE (MOtivational REactive plan), which combines motivational planning and knowledge domain issues, and a formative evaluation of the tutor teaching Prolog debugging. (Author/JKP)

Describes a case study of one college student's learning experiences as an adult literacy tutor in a community center of a low income housing development. Highlights the challenges faced by both learners and tutors in adult literacy education. (SR)

Argues that despite the widespread endorsement of peer collaboration in writing center theory, graduate student tutors are an asset because (1) they have excellent tutoring abilities; and (2) they will provide future support for writing centers as professors in all fields. (NH)

Describes professional development program to teach Utah elementary teachers how to deliver a tutor-oriented reading intervention program. (PKP)

Describes a study of the training needs of small- and medium-sized enterprises in relation to the Internet, electronic commerce, and electronic data interchange in the United Kingdom, Poland, Slovak Republic, Germany, and Portugal. Discusses the development of a Web-based intelligent training system (WITS) as a result of the study. (Author/LRW)