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d'Ailly, Hsiao H.; Simpson, Jacque; MacKinnon, G. E. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 1997
The cognitive effects of self-referencing in math word problems were studied in 100 third, fourth, and fifth graders solving compare-unknown and referent-unknown problems. In general, self-referencing (referring to "you") facilitated encoding processes in solving these problems. Self-referencing appeared to decrease the load on working…
Descriptors: Coding, Elementary Education, Elementary School Students, Problem Solving
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Peter, Jochen; Lauf, Edmund – Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 2002
Investigates how coder characteristics such as language skills, political knowledge, coding experience, and coding certainty affected inter-coder and coder-training reliability. Shows that language skills influenced both reliability types. Suggests that cross-national researchers should pay more attention to cross-national assessments of…
Descriptors: Coding, Communication Research, Evaluation Methods, Higher Education
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Fox, Marty – Journal of College Science Teaching, 1996
Describes a classroom exercise that uses a letter from Max Delbruck to George Beadle to stimulate interest in the mechanics of a nonoverlapping comma-free code. Enables students to participate in the rich history of molecular biology and illustrates to them that scientists and science can be fun. (JRH)
Descriptors: Biology, Coding, DNA, Genetics
McClure, Wanda L.; Hannah, Stan A. – Computers in Libraries, 1995
Discusses problems in using ASCII for data communications and computers and provides a historical perspective on the development of Unicode, a new universal encoding scheme. The future of Unicode is considered, implications for libraries are discussed, and a sidebar explains how computers store textual data. (LRW)
Descriptors: Coding, Computer Storage Devices, Data Conversion, Futures (of Society)
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Dijkers, Marcel P. J. M.; Creighton, Cynthia L. – Occupational Therapy Journal of Research, 1994
Presents general principles for cleaning data sets. Suggests techniques: check for column shifts, data completeness, marginal frequencies, and selected cross-tabulations; examines a sample of cases. Gives strategies for preventing data processing errors. (SK)
Descriptors: Coding, Data Analysis, Educational Research, Error of Measurement
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Howard, Paul G; Vitter, Jeffrey Scott – Information Processing & Management, 1994
Describes a detailed algorithm for fast text compression. Related to the PPM (prediction by partial matching) method, it simplifies the modeling phase by eliminating the escape mechanism and speeds up coding by using a combination of quasi-arithmetic coding and Rice coding. Details of the use of quasi-arithmetic code tables are given, and their…
Descriptors: Algorithms, Coding, Electronic Text, Information Storage
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Lin, Jianhua; Storer, James A. – Information Processing & Management, 1994
Describes the design of optimal tree-structured vector quantizers that minimize the expected distortion subject to cost functions related to storage cost, encoding rate, or quantization time. Since the optimal design problem is intractable in most cases, the performance of a general design heuristic based on successive partitioning is analyzed.…
Descriptors: Algorithms, Coding, Comparative Analysis, Costs
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Cole, Charles; Mandelblatt, Bertie – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 2000
Uses Kintsch's proposition-based construction-integration theory of discourse comprehension to detail the user coding operations that occur in each of the three subsystems (Perception, Comprehension, Application) in which users process an information retrieval systems (IRS) message. Describes an IRS device made up of two separate parts that enable…
Descriptors: Coding, Comprehension, Information Processing, Information Retrieval
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Bialystok, Ellen – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2000
Two studies examined understanding of notational representation among 3- to 5-year-olds. Children solved problems when shown cards with a picture or word indicating identity or a quantity indicator. In the easier condition, children had difficulty solving the problems as a function of their familiarity with the notation, suggesting weaknesses in…
Descriptors: Child Development, Coding, Cognitive Development, Pattern Recognition
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Schriefers, Herbert; Jescheniak, Jorg D.; Hantsch, Ansgar – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2005
N.O. Schiller and A. Caramazza (2003) and A. Costa, D. Kovacic, E. Fedorenko, and A. Caramazza (2003) have argued that the processing of freestanding gender-marked morphemes (e.g., determiners) and bound gender-marked morphemes (e.g., adjective suffixes) during syntactic encoding in speech production follows distinct principles, with only…
Descriptors: Competitive Selection, Form Classes (Languages), Morphemes, Speech
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MacDonald, Susan Peck – Written Communication, 2005
Researchers studying science communication have criticized the sensationalism that often appears in journalistic accounts of science news. This article looks at the linguistic sources of that sensationalism by analyzing the journalistic coverage of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) study of hormone replacement research, which was abruptly…
Descriptors: Syntax, Nouns, Newspapers, Discourse Analysis
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Hege, Amanda C. G.; Dodson, Chad S. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2004
Two accounts explain why studying pictures reduces false memories within the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm (J. Deese, 1959; H. L. Roediger & K. B. McDermott, 1995). The impoverished relational-encoding account suggests that studying pictures interferes with the encoding of relational information, which is the primary basis for false memories…
Descriptors: Coding, Models, Heuristics, Memory
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Barrouillet, Pierre; Camos, Valerie; Perruchet, Pierre; Seron, Xavier – Psychological Review, 2004
This article presents a new model of transcoding numbers from verbal to arabic form. This model, called ADAPT, is developmental, asemantic, and procedural. The authors' main proposal is that the transcoding process shifts from an algorithmic strategy to the direct retrieval from memory of digital forms. Thus, the model is evolutive, adaptive, and…
Descriptors: Semitic Languages, Computer Software, Neuropsychology, Internet
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Schweingruber, David; Wohlstein, Ronald T. – Teaching Sociology, 2005
The authors examined the crowd sections of 20 introduction to sociology textbooks, coding them for the presence of seven crowds myths--claims about crowds that have no empirical support and have been rejected by scholars in the field. The number of myths per book ranges from five to one. The authors conclude by making suggestions for rewriting…
Descriptors: Sociology, Introductory Courses, Content Analysis, Coding
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Miellet, Sebastien; Sparrow, Laurent – Brain and Language, 2004
This experiment employed the boundary paradigm during sentence reading to explore the nature of early phonological coding in reading. Fixation durations were shorter when the parafoveal preview was the correct word than when it was a spelling control pseudoword. In contrast, there was no significant difference between correct word and…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Reading Processes, Coding, Phonology
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