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Gruber, Kerry J.; Rohr, Carol L.; Fondelier, Sharon E. – 1994
This volume is part of a set that documents the data collection of the 1990-91 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). Volume I provides the essential background information for the survey. This volume is the restricted-use codebook, which contains the variable names and position numbers for all survey and sampling variables. All data variables have…
Descriptors: Coding, Data Analysis, Education, Elementary Secondary Education

Erickson, Janet C.; Sepehri, Abazar – Library Hi Tech, 1997
Explains the development of standardized coding for digital text, especially for multilingual text, that has culminated in the Unicode standard. Topics include the University of Michigan's Humanities Text Initiative (HTI); a history of character sets; transliteration; non-Roman languages; fonts; and barriers to adoption of the Unicode standard. A…
Descriptors: Adoption (Ideas), Coding, Data Conversion, Glossaries

Falk, Ruma; Konold, Clifford – Psychological Review, 1997
Results of three studies, involving 606 high school and college students, show that the perceived randomness of a sequence is better predicted by its encoding difficulty than its objective randomness. Results imply that judging the extent of randomness of a sequence is based on the attempt to encode it. (SLD)
Descriptors: Coding, College Students, Decision Making, Difficulty Level

Leung, Martin; And Others – Instructional Science, 1997
Cognitive load theory suggests that the manner in which information is presented can interfere with learning. For example, in studying equations with unfamiliar notations, a heavy extraneous cognitive load is generated because mental integration of notations and meanings is required. Discusses four experiments with high school students designed to…
Descriptors: Coding, Educational Research, Equations (Mathematics), High Schools
Smith, Curtis A. – School Business Affairs, 1997
Explains how to improve visual displays employed in school finance by examining a theoretical framework and applying it to the displays. Discusses and illustrates important display principles based on William Cleveland's ideas about decoding/encoding, length judgments, distance, detection, and superimposed curves; and Edward Tufte's work on data…
Descriptors: Coding, Computer Software, Display Aids, Educational Finance

Yannakoudakis, E. J.; And Others – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1990
Presents an approach to automatic matching and linkage of citations between databases which applied 14 coding techniques and measured their effectiveness in terms of efficiency of retrieval of duplicates with minimal false hits, reliability, and performance. (EAM)
Descriptors: Algorithms, Automatic Indexing, Bibliographic Coupling, Bibliographic Databases

Mhlaba, Sondlo Leonard – Government Information Quarterly, 1995
Discusses origins of Transborder Data Flows (TDFs) as an international problem in the early 1970s. Shows how technological development in telecommunications and networks has made regulation more complex and urgent. Recommends the internationalization of the Key Escrowed Encryption System (KEES) and the development of broad international TDF…
Descriptors: Coding, Computer Security, Copyrights, Information Transfer

Lapadat, Judith C.; Martin, Jack – Contemporary Educational Psychology, 1994
Results from a study involving 34 undergraduates supported the prediction from Paivo's dual coding theory (1986) that imaginal elaborations during lectures assist students' recall of both episodic and declarative information. The prediction that episodic memories would mediate retention of declarative information from the lecture was not…
Descriptors: Coding, Cognitive Processes, Higher Education, Learning

Wall, C. Edward; And Others – RSR: Reference Services Review, 1995
Discusses the integration of Standard General Markup Language, Hypertext Markup Language, and MARC format to parse classified analytical bibliographies. Use of the resulting electronic knowledge constructs in local library systems as maps of a specified subset of resources is discussed, and an example is included. (LRW)
Descriptors: Bibliographies, Coding, Concept Mapping, Electronic Text

Swanson, H. Lee; Berninger, Virginia – Intelligence, 1995
Results of two experiments involving 206 upper elementary school students supported the hypothesis that less-skilled readers suffer working memory deficits that contribute to comprehension problems independent of their problems in phonological coding. Results also suggest that constraints in an executive system may contribute to reading…
Descriptors: Coding, Cognitive Processes, Decoding (Reading), Elementary School Students

Giordano, Richard – Library Resources & Technical Services, 1994
Describes the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) project and the TEI header, which documents electronic text in a standard interchange format understandable to both librarian catalogers and nonlibrarian text encoders. The form and function of the TEI header is introduced, and its relationship to the MARC record is explained. (10 references) (KRN)
Descriptors: Bibliographic Records, Cataloging, Classification, Coding

Gravois, Todd; And Others – Evaluation Review, 1992
Describes a method for coding themes directly from audiotapes without transcription and issues and methods by which reliability can be established. A study of concerns of professionals being trained on 11 school-based support teams coded by 2 raters and based on 19 hours of audiotaped interviews illustrates the method. (SLD)
Descriptors: Audiotape Recordings, Coding, Comparative Analysis, Elementary Secondary Education

Tracey, Terence J.; Rounds, James – Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1992
Examination of two-letter high-point code frequency tables of four Self-Directed Search samples and Holland's translation of occupational titles verified the fit of the circumplex model, supporting Holland's person-environment hypothesis. (SK)
Descriptors: Career Choice, Coding, College Students, High School Students

Schwartz, Neil H.; Wilkinson, William K. – Contemporary Educational Psychology, 1992
Functional relations underlying map-passage learning were studied through the effects of structural hierarchy on recall for 80 undergraduates. Recall for passage content was greatest when content was at the top of the map and passage structures. Implications for instruction are discussed. (SLD)
Descriptors: Coding, Higher Education, Instructional Materials, Learning

Constantinescu, Cornel; Storer, James A. – Information Processing & Management, 1994
Presents a new image compression algorithm that employs some of the most successful approaches to adaptive lossless compression to perform adaptive online (single pass) vector quantization with variable size codebook entries. Results of tests of the algorithm's effectiveness on standard test images are given. (12 references) (KRN)
Descriptors: Algorithms, Coding, Data Processing, Evaluation