This handbook documents the Prison Literacy Project (PLP) in order to provide a model for other community groups to follow in developing their own literacy projects. The PLP worked to have prison residents learn to read or significantly raise their reading levels through an ongoing literacy tutoring program. All project participants were involved…

Issues in the implementation of peer coaching, a collaborative process for teacher improvement, are examined in this booklet. Included are a definition of peer coaching; a discussion of a variety of peer coaching activities; an outline of specific observation, data collection, and conferencing strategies; guidelines for designing a site-based peer…

Designed to describe and assess the activities engaged in between a writing tutor and a student in a one-to-one writing conference, this survey contains two forms. The first records the student's major, native language, source of the writing task with which he or she needs help, and the student's perception of the problem. The second form, filled…

Describes modifications included in an examination procedure allowing students to take an exam on a given unit twice, and the use of nonobjective exams. The grading of exams by the professor in consultation with the student was viewed as the most productive aspect of the course. (GS)

This document begins with a paper titled "Accommodating for Greater Student Variance in Local Schools" by Jacqueline Thousand and Richard Villa, which identifies the fundamental characteristics of successful heterogeneous public schools and describes specific examples of educational and organizational practices that enable schools to accommodate…

The paper describes three strategies featuring a microcomputer to promote the integration and acceptance of students with disabilities among their nondisabled peers. The first strategy is a cross-age tutoring program in which disabled, learning disabled, emotionally disabled, or mildly retarded students demonstrate computer use to nondisabled…

Four techniques are suggested for tutoring students of English as a second language in writing: taking a "writing history" of the student's experiences, failures, and successes at writing by asking open-ended questions in a non-judgmental way during an informal interview; brainstorming about a given writing topic, with the tutor taking close notes…

A case study examined the student-teacher relationship in writing conferences to determine how both teachers and students can better negotiate teaching-learning situations. Students enrolled in a six-week tutorial writing course at the University of Michigan were used as subjects. Tape-recorded conversations in the weekly half-hour conferences…

This technical report describes a generic architecture for building intelligent tutoring systems which is developed around objects that represent the knowledge elements to be taught by the tutor. Each of these knowledge elements, called "bites," inherits both a knowledge organization describing the kind of knowledge represented and…

The Perach Project is a one-to-one tutoring program for the socially disadvantaged. This study's main purpose was to locate Perach Project children two years after they had been tutored in order to determine their situation in school, measure their school self-concept, aspirations, and attitudes towards school, and examine their feelings about the…

The institution of peer tutoring among black school children is the subject of this paper. The author acknowledges that while peer tutoring is not a new concept, the idea is resurging, especially among educators, because of: (1) the failure of the educational system to adequately prepare a large portion of urban youth educationally; (2) a…

One college's examination of its tutoring program led to conclusions that can be applied to many tutoring programs. The most important conclusion was that faculty should be involved in as many stages of the tutorial process as possible. Specifically, five conditions should be met to create a productive teacher tutor relationship: (1) the teacher…

The intended end product of the research project described is an "intelligent" multimedia tutoring system for procedural tasks, in particular, the repair of physical objects. This paper presents the data structure that will be used, i.e., a graph with five types of nodes (mental, abstract, motoric or action, visual, and verbal) and two types of…

The relative effectiveness of tutoring for both partners was examined by comparing tutoring with other learning activities that differed either in the amount of exposure to the learning materials or the presence of a helping relationship or both. The subjects were 160 undergraduates who were evaluated on their acquisition of Esperanto. Subjects…

The study reported here had two main aims: to collect data relating to verbal participation in 'conventional' tutor-led groups and to examine the feasibility of using leaderless groups in university teaching. (Author)