The purpose of the paper is to outline some of the major ways in which artificial intelligence research and techniques can affect usage of computers in an educational environment. The role of artificial intelligence is defined, and the difference between Computer Aided Instruction (CAI) and Intelligent Computer Aided Instruction (ICAI) is…

Arguing that the main promise of computers lies in their potential for moment-by-moment adaptation of instructional content and form to the changing cognitive needs of individual learners, this paper clarifies the implications of this potential for tutoring research, and points out overlooked relations between different strands of research…

The experience of implementing a writing center in a central Illinois high school created several suggestions for other schools considering such a program. Directors should first consider who would benefit from a writing center and what these benefits would be. They must then prove--to themselves first, and then to the faculty and the…

A project was designed to establish a model linkage between a well-established community service organization and an adult basic education (ABE) program. During 1982-83 members of the State College Kiwanis Club were recruited and trained as tutors in the State College Area School District ABE/General Educational Development (GED)/English as a…

This report evaluates the 1984-85 operation of the Basic Educational Skills Tutorial Program (BEST), which is conducted by the San Diego Urban League. In a brief introduction it is explained that BEST is designed to utilize the talents of volunteers for the benefit of black and other minority youth who need out-of-the-classroom support with…

Noting that many language arts teachers have rejected tutorial software because of its inability to interact effectively with students, this paper explores implications of artificial intelligence research for human/computer interaction in reading instruction. Limitations of "exact match" curriculum designs in contemporary attempts to provide…

This paper discusses the styles of computer-based learning and computer-based training in terms of their fundamental characteristics, including balance of control between program and learner, and the kinds of learning activity they induce. Learning and training are not considered to be intrinsically different in practice, and styles such as…

Students enrolled in two sections of college algebra (Math 110) at the University of Maryland in spring 1984 were informed about assistance available from the Math Lab. They were also informed that a sticker would be attached to any one of the four semester exams when grades indicated that the student should pursue one or more of the Lab services.…

This paper argues that Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) offer the potential for advancing existing techniques for computer assisted instruction and deepening the understanding of issues in the learning and teaching of writing. The paper: (1) outlines the goals and significance of research in ITS, emphasizing their value in formulating knowledge…

A study investigated the efficacy of using the neurological impress method in peer tutoring during reading instruction. The neurological impress reading method is a unison reading procedure in which the student and teacher or tutor read aloud simultaneously and quickly, with the student placed slightly in front of the teacher so that the teacher's…

This handbook for tutors participating in the federally funded Operation Success Special Services Program, one of the college level TRIO programs designed to aid students from disadvantaged backgrounds, was compiled with the cooperation of tutors at the Wichita State University. The first section describes the needs of the students being tutored…

The advantages of a knowledge-based computer program that creates exercises for language instruction rather than presenting pre-stored materials are discussed, and one such system, ILIAD, is described. Designed to address a broad range of language learning needs, this system can be used by people learning English as a second language and by…

A preliminary investigation was conducted into the possible use of peer tutoring in the distance education environment at Athabasca University. In a pilot study a single peer tutor was assigned tutoring duties in English 210 (Introduction to Literary Forms and Techniques) for a six-month period. Ten new students starting classes in October were…

Materials in the Initial Teaching Alphabet (ITA) were developed for use in remedial reading instruction of functionally illiterate adults. These materials were used for an experimental tutorial session totalling 20 hours of instruction and two hours of testing and interviewing. The tutorial sessions provided a case study for use in formative…