Studies investigating selected aspects of children's television viewing are described and the findings are used as the basis of a theoretical formulation in which young children's television viewing is seen as a transactional process similar to other normal information processing activities. According to this formulation, the child's motivation to…

This study was designed to investigate recall in preschool children, specifically the cuing technique and possible storage-retrieval differences. Forty-eight 4-years-old were divided into two groups. In the blocked presentation condition, items were presented in category sets of three items, with all items from a single category on cards of one…

The study attempted to minimize nonspecific response strategies which supposedly mask the positive effect of perceptual pretraining on initial discrimination learning within the predifferentiation paradigm. The subjects were 44 first- and second-graders. Experimental-group subjects received rules learning (RL), pretraining, initial discrimination…

Theoretical considerations suggest that the differential effectiveness of teaching models and associated feedback procedures stems from their distinctive cueing properties. This led to the development of three treatment conditions which may be labeled "rating" (rehearsal of key discriminations), "observation" vicarious reinforcement), and "direct…

The hypotheses of this study include: (1) intentional forgetting, operationalized by a forget signal, will produce augmented recall; (2) highly organized groups of sentences will produce the best recall; and (3) anxiety state will produce a complex interaction with the forget signal and degree of organization variable on the amount of materials…

The strategies used by children in word recognition are examined. A critical review of some of the classical research which has influenced current thinking about how words are recognized is presented along with a discussion of some of the errors which can be found in these studies. A five-stage model of how beginning readers learn to recognize…

Forty-seven subjects were administered the Dogmatism Scale (D), and Embedded-Figures Test (EFT), and were randomly assigned to a programmed Russian vocabulary lesson with or without strong prompts after a median split stratification of EFT and D. A multiple regress analysis tested the influence of field independence and dogmatism, and their…

The purpose of this research was to experimentally manipulate input and output orders of information and separate storage and retrieval components of prose free recall. The cued partial recall method, used in word list recall, was adapted to a prose learning task. Four short biographical stories of about 55 words each were systematically combined…

The relation between type of label and perception of faces was assessed. Sixty-four second and sixth grade Ss were randomly assigned to four experimental conditions in which various kinds of labeling training were associated with four purple and green smiling and frowning faces. Ss then judged the similarity of pairs of the faces. Results revealed…

Visual demonstrations may be used as part of programs to deliver both content objectives and process objectives. Research has shown that learning of concepts is easier, more accurate, and more broadly applied when it is accompanied by visual examples. The visual examples supporting content learning should emphasize both discrimination and…

The present investigation examines interactions among components of coherent pictorial stimuli. One purpose of the investigation was to establish whether components contribute independently and additively to the effectiveness of the compound stimulus, or whether the effectiveness of components is interdependent, that is, positively or negatively…

Determination of the role of input cues in free recall and clarification of the reduction effect of cued input on free-recall performance are of importance for any theory dealing with encoding and retrieval. It is these two issues which are the primary focus of the present experiment. (Author)

The experiments reported here investigate the effects of different kinds of set on hemisphere differences, and confirm that, in some conditions, the hemispheric asymmetry in a particular task may shift when cuing establishes an attentional set. (Author)

Attention has recently been drawn to experiments on the extent to which items can be recalled and recognized, and the overall level of recognition. A model proposing both direct-access and generation-recognition mechanisms in recall is shown to provide a satisfactory account of the phenomenon. (Editor)

This study is concerned with the actual and potential memorizing strategies available to five-year-old children. A factorial design was employed with two conditions of presentation (blocked/random) combined with two conditions of recall (cued/uncued). The authors conclude that these children suffer from production deficiency rather than mediation…