In most schools, teacher evaluation and supervision are seldom mutually exclusive. This paper synthesizes research findings and capitalizes on experience concerning these sensitive processes. After discussing three basic purposes for supervision-evaluation (staff development, school improvement, and personnel decisions), the paper carefully…

Educational supervision may be categorized according to three philosophical positions with distinct methodologies: essentialism/directive supervision; experimentalism/collaborative supervision; and existentialism/nondirective supervision. This paper proposes that time and effort are required to develop key interpersonal skills needed for…

An analysis of principals' beliefs and behaviors with regard to instructional supervision in the context of Meyer and Rowan's (1977, 1978) concept of the "logic of confidence" is presented in this report. Methodology involved interviews with and observations of 6 administrators and triangulating interviews with 12 teachers. Nine distinct…

The research on supervision and school effectiveness suggests that principals acting as supervisors of instruction make a difference in teacher performance and pupil learning. This study investigated whether effective clinical supervision requires supervisors who practice certain strategies and procedures as they dialogue with supervisees, or…

Research has provided a set of findings that administrators may find useful for observing teachers and evaluating their performance. One such research-based strategy, designed for elementary and middle school administrators, teachers, and supervisors, involves the entire school staff in designing teacher observations to fit the needs of the…

Maintaining effective leadership in vocational agriculture education with reduced resources will require change. Change is needed in four areas: effective leadership/reduced resources, communications/involvement, concerns, and use of others. In the area of effective leadership in an age of reduced resources, the responsibilities of supervisors in…

Media attention and public concern focused on child sexual abuse in day care have presented early childhood educators with opportunities to educate parents, the public, and the media about child sexual abuse and quality child care. This paper provides information concerning the sexual abuse of children in day care settings. Topics addressed…

The student teaching experience can be successful if the student teacher, the host teacher, and the student-teacher supervisor share common goals. Because these goals are frequently not shared, a study was undertaken to develop a scale for the observation of student teachers that would both promote student teacher development and improve the…

A prototype low inference observation instrument to measure minimal teaching competencies of teaching candidates was deductively developed. Focus is on determining if observers could be trained to use the observation instrument with a high degree of reliability and validity. The instrument, entitled Classroom Observation and Assessment Scale for…

This book presents six alternative teacher evaluation approaches in six chapters. Each contributor was directed to respond to an identical stage-setting stimulus; then the chapter was immediately relayed to a public school practitioner who was asked to supply a "from-the-field" reaction. The reactions follow each chapter under the heading, "From…

This monograph is designed to assist administrative school personnel in selecting, training, and retaining the best qualified instructional aides available. It covers five areas: (1) employment procedures--outlining important points under recruitment, applications, examinations, interviews, and selection; (2) payroll procedures--outlining how to…

Interviews conducted with 15 elementary school teachers and 5 principals in a southern California metropolitan district bring out the differing work orientations and incentives among teachers and administrators, and reveal how various principal-generated orientations and incentives affect teacher performance. The research shows that the work…

The purpose of this 2-year-long qualitative and quantitative field study was to investigate the behaviors of effective secondary school principals in their respective school districts, to find commonalities in the behavior of principals who were deemed by their peers to preside over effective schools, and to report the interim results. The…

This article examines first discusses the three components of clinical supervision: (1) the planning conference; (2) the six steps of observation; and (3) the meeting with the teacher to analyze and interpret data as well as to reach decisions about alternatives, changes, and resolutions for future efforts by the teacher. Four approaches involving…

This paper describes the Avondale School District's approach to incorporating clinical supervision within the teacher evaluation process. The development of major teacher appraisal systems, their underlying philosophies, and their characteristics are reviewed. In addition, specific processes and training activities used to develop a district model…