Because teachers' efforts are central to the success of standards-based reform, it behooves the policy community to look carefully at the beliefs about instruction that are rooted in this reform theory. Building on teacher-centric research on standards-based reform and ideas about teaching practice from research on multicultural education, this…

This article addresses ways in which fitness tests can be used positively in physical education. We take the position throughout the article that fitness tests should be used as formative evaluation to further educational goals. We begin by discussing the different ways in which adults and children use fitness tests. The next section, the heart of…

The booklet describes the conceptual approach and operation of the evaluation plan used by Project CAST (Community and School Together), a community-ased career education program for handicapped students. Three levels of evaluation are proposed for providing data for both formative and summative evaluation; these levels are: (1) effort evaluation,…

This guide provides evaluators interested in new methods with a framework for determining the feasibility, utility, and effectiveness of the methods in field settings. To accomplish this intent, the body of this guide contains discussions of five checklists. Three of the checklists are to be used before a trial to determine the feasibility of one…

Reviewed is the development and evaluation of the instructional quality inventory (IQI), a systematic methodology for reviewing the three major products of the Instructional Systems Design process--objectives, test items, and instruction--before conducting student tryouts. The empirically based instructional design support system aids developers…

The various attempts made to evaluate the course in fundamentals of library science at Drexel University Graduate School of Library Science are assessed. (PF)

A student services--data information system was designed and implemented at the University of Iowa to determine and analyze process criteria for counseling activities in terms of effort, cost and function. (Author)

This paper explores the impact of the Texas Teacher Appraisal System (TTAS) through an analysis of interviews with 24 high school English teachers. The first part of the paper discusses the development of the TTAS and the second section describes the study. The teachers were asked if and how the TTAS had affected their teaching performance, what…

Noting that formative research on educational computer software has traditionally focused on comprehensibility, appeal, and usefulness, this report argues that these three elements tell us very little about the actual role that the formative researcher plays in the instructional design process. This paper outlines the complexity of the tasks and…

Described in this process evaluation are the first-year efforts to provide a specialized staff within the Bexar County District Attorney's Office, San Antonio, Texas, to perform advocacy functions for abused and neglected children involved in cases going through the criminal justice system. The report discusses how well the staff met the three…

Based on the premise that instructional development is a change process and the instructional developer is a change agent, this chapter begins by considering the literature of planned change as applied to the process of instructional development. It is argued that instructional product evaluation must include both formative and summative…

A framework to aid in estimating the impact from educational research and development (R&D) products was developed at the National Center for Research in Vocational Education at the Ohio State University. The dimensions of the framework (product development, distribution, implementation, utilization and effects) are explained in detail. The…

On the assumption that the fundamental purpose of teacher supervision is the improvement of the teaching/learning process, supervision is viewed as a tool which can improve instruction if it is based on cooperative mechanisms involving all of the interested parties. From a background of both empirical work and conceptual analysis, a framework is…

In the context of instructional development projects, situations arise in which evaluations are required that are neither formative nor summative in role. Typical responses to such situations are to stretch the meaning of one or the other of the terms introduced by Scriven (1967) to accommodate the situation; a consequence is a loss in precision…

The impact of male and female college students' grades, achievement, and attitudes of the respective "correction" procedures used in Bloom- and Keller-type mastery learning strategies was investigated. Findings indicate periodic corrections, using Bloom's strategy, may improve students' ability to apply course material. (Author/BJG)