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Chen, Zhong; Hale, John T. – Cognitive Science, 2021
Information-theoretic complexity metrics, such as Surprisal (Hale, 2001; Levy, 2008) and Entropy Reduction (Hale, 2003), are linking hypotheses that bridge theorized expectations about sentences and observed processing difficulty in comprehension. These expectations can be viewed as syntactic derivations constrained by a grammar. However, this…
Descriptors: Sentences, Language Processing, Phrase Structure, Nouns
Baldwin, Peter; Yaneva, Victoria; Mee, Janet; Clauser, Brian E.; Ha, Le An – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2021
In this article, it is shown how item text can be represented by (a) 113 features quantifying the text's linguistic characteristics, (b) 16 measures of the extent to which an information-retrieval-based automatic question-answering system finds an item challenging, and (c) through dense word representations (word embeddings). Using a random…
Descriptors: Natural Language Processing, Prediction, Item Response Theory, Reaction Time
Li, Jiangtian; Joanisse, Marc F. – Cognitive Science, 2021
Most words in natural languages are polysemous; that is, they have related but different meanings in different contexts. This one-to-many mapping of form to meaning presents a challenge to understanding how word meanings are learned, represented, and processed. Previous work has focused on solutions in which multiple static semantic…
Descriptors: Computational Linguistics, Semantics, Ambiguity (Semantics), Language Processing
Zhao, Licui; Yasunaga, Daichi; Kojima, Haruyuki – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2021
The present study reported an experiment examining whether both native speakers (NSs) and non-native speakers (NNSs) give formulaic sequences (FSs) priority over novel phrases in processing, as the dual route model has postulated. In this experiment, NSs and NNSs were asked to read Japanese versions of semi-transparent restricted collocations…
Descriptors: Native Speakers, Novelty (Stimulus Dimension), Language Processing, Japanese
Kenanidis, Panagiotis; Chondrogianni, Vicky; Legendre, Géraldine; Culbertson, Jennifer – Journal of Child Language, 2021
Previous studies across languages (English, Spanish, French) have argued that perceptual salience and cue reliability can explain cross-linguistic differences in early comprehension of verbal agreement. Here we tested this hypothesis further by investigating early comprehension in Greek, where markers have high salience and reliability (compared…
Descriptors: Greek, Comprehension, Cues, Child Language
Roy, Abhik; Rambo-Hernandez, Karen E. – American Journal of Evaluation, 2021
Evaluators often find themselves in situations where resources to conduct thorough evaluations are limited. In this paper, we present a familiar instance where there is an overwhelming amount of open text to be analyzed under the constraints of time and personnel. In instances when timely feedback is important, the data are plentiful, and answers…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Engineering Education, Natural Language Processing, College Students
Woodruff Carr, Kali; Perszyk, Danielle R.; Norton, Elizabeth S.; Voss, Joel L.; Poeppel, David; Waxman, Sandra R. – Developmental Science, 2021
The power and precision with which humans link language to cognition is unique to our species. By 3-4 months of age, infants have already established this link: simply listening to human language facilitates infants' success in fundamental cognitive processes. Initially, this link to cognition is also engaged by a broader set of acoustic stimuli,…
Descriptors: Infants, Child Development, Brain, Language Processing
Josh Freeman – Higher Education Policy Institute, 2024
This new Policy Note by HEPI and Kortext explores students' attitudes to AI. Based on a poll of 1,250 students through UCAS, we build a picture of the way students use and view generative AI technologies like ChatGPT and Google Bard. We find that the use of generative AI has become normalised in higher education, but that universities have so far…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Artificial Intelligence, Man Machine Systems, Natural Language Processing
Yun-Fang Tu – Educational Technology & Society, 2024
With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence (GAI), the performance and usability of related tools, such as ChatGPT, have significantly improved. The advancement has fostered researchers to increasingly focus on students' perceptions and application of the roles, functionalities, and interaction patterns of these tools in…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Interaction, Undergraduate Students, Student Attitudes
Basel Hammoda – International Journal of Technology in Education, 2024
ChatGPT is taking the world and the education sector by storm. Many educators are still hesitant to integrate it within their curricula, owing to the limited practical and theoretical guidance on its applications, despite early conceptual studies advocating for its potential benefits. This pedagogical innovation applied an effectual logic to…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Natural Language Processing, Technology Integration, Educational Innovation
Hamza Polat; Arif Cem Topuz; Mine Yildiz; Elif Taslibeyaz; Engin Kursun – International Journal of Technology in Education, 2024
ChatGPT has become a prominent tool for fostering personalized and interactive learning with the advancements in AI technology. This study analyzes 212 academic research articles indexed in the Scopus database as of July 2023. It maps the trajectory of educational studies on ChatGPT, identifying primary themes, influential authors, and…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Man Machine Systems, Natural Language Processing, Bibliometrics
Liubov Darzhinova; Zoe Pei-sui Luk – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2024
The study tested how the Recency Preference and Predicate Proximity model (Gibson et al. in Cognition 59(1):23-59, 1996, https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(88)90004-2) plays out by examining the attachment preferences of native Russian speakers when processing locally ambiguous participial relative clause sentences with three potential NP…
Descriptors: Form Classes (Languages), Sentences, Russian, Language Processing
Maria Kaltsa; Despina Papadopoulou – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2024
The aim of the study is to examine the effect of sentential context on lexical ambiguity resolution in Greek adults and typically developing children. Context and word frequency are factors that can affect lexical processing, however, the role of them has not been thoroughly examined in Greek. To this aim, we assessed sentence context effects in…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Adults, Children, Language Processing
Hsin-Hui Lu; Hong-Hsiang Liu; Feng-Ming Tsao – Developmental Science, 2024
This study examined how Mandarin-speaking preschoolers with and without a history of late talking (LT) process familiar monosyllabic words with unexpected lexical tones, focusing on both phonological and semantic violations. This study initially enrolled 64 Mandarin-speaking toddlers: 31 with a history of LT (mean age: 27.67 months) and 33 without…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Delayed Speech, Mandarin Chinese, Cognitive Processes
Norbert Noster; Sebastian Gerber; Hans-Stefan Siller – Digital Experiences in Mathematics Education, 2024
The use of large language models like ChatGPT is widely discussed for educational purposes. Using this technology requires teachers to have appropriate competences that incorporate knowledge of how to make use of this technology. In this study, we investigate pre-service teachers' knowledge through the lens of the KTMT model ("Knowledge for…
Descriptors: Preservice Teachers, Mathematics Skills, Problem Solving, Technology Uses in Education