Bilingual case study of infant acquiring Spanish and English from birth to 1;10 is used to address whether young bilinguals differentiate between their languages based on language choice. Daily diary records and weekly video recordings in the two language contexts were used to construct the child's lexicon and establish that translation…

Notes that jump rope rhymes and street chants are part of an oral tradition that links communication and play. Although rarely incorporated into the elementary curriculum, they expose children to rhyme, rhythm, humor, and poetry. Discusses opportunities for student involvement and integration of rhymes and chants across the curriculum, and…

Describes the development and content of an interactive introduction to a foreign literature course designed to teach students literary analysis skills and refine their oral communication skills, through such course aspects as text selection criteria, pre- and postreading strategies, literary interpretation, and student analysis and discussion of…

Complains that no one learns a second language from studying it at school. Attributes this problem to the fact that no opportunity exists for conversation to reinforce what is being learned. Suggests working in rotated pairs to provide conversational practice. Calls for bilingual texts and lessons and for taking advantage of having bilingual…

Presents samples of talk in peer writing conferences in an urban fourth grade class. Points out that talk in peer writing conferences fosters an exchange of ideas between students; is crucial for helping students revise first drafts; leads to greater sense of community in the classroom; and creates a classroom environment in which students'…

To examine the persistence of phonological selectional constraints on young children's lexical choices, the words attempted in the conversational speech of a longitudinal sample of 12 normally developing preschoolers from age 2;0 to 5;0 were scored for syllabic length, presence of consonant clusters, and distribution of constituent phonemes. (29…

Analysis of transcripts of nine undergraduate lectures in the humanities and social sciences found that professors used asides and local breaks in topicality to increase global semantic and pragmatic unity, introduce various mutually reinforcing interpretive frames, resolve apparent contradictions, highlight contrast, and establish relevance and…

Investigation of the influence of cultural background on how adult learners of English self-regulate second-language communication found that Hispanic subjects more frequently sought language clarification from others, and also more frequently used the progressive aspect form than past tense forms, than did Asian subjects. (17 references) (CB)

Acquisition of novel words by kindergarten children (eight with normal language and eight with specific language impairment) was examined under various linguistic input conditions. Acquisition of novel words by both groups was significantly affected by alterations in speaking rate and the use of gestures accompanying spoken language. There were no…

Infants were followed longitudinally from 1;2 to 1;10. Parents maintained a journal of child's spoken words and, at 2-month intervals, completed representative checklist of words produced. Results suggest that the diary method is more effective during early emergence of language, and the representative checklist method is more effective late in…

The article describes an innovative teaching project suitable for students at any age and all levels of German. The project, conducted entirely in German, includes writing, reading, and speaking, and promotes the skills of letter-writing, reading for content, note-taking, and oral presentation. (JL)

Examination of native Chinese Mandarin speakers' identification of monosyllables that included oral and nasal stops representing English/Mandarin contrasts and noncontrasts in syllable-initial/-final positions found that the presence of nasal as opposed to oral stop consonants in the syllables appeared to be the most significant factor affecting…

New and emerging perspectives of educational contexts of literacy are reviewed that emphasize the inseparability and reciprocal influence of literacy practices with the social and ideological agendas of the communities, institutions, and settings in which the literacy practices are embedded. Research on conversational contexts of literacy…

Twelve mothers were videotaped interacting with their children, aged 13 months, and 100 maternal utterances were coded for pragmatic intent. Prescriptives were coded as either changing or following the child's focus of attention. Results show that, given a joint focus, directing a 13-month-old's behavior can have beneficial effects on subsequent…

The role that talk plays in socialization, social development, and possibly cognitive development is described. Research on talk is categorized as follows: studies that consider talk as a tool for investigation; studies that focus on development of grammar or language acquisition; and studies that fall between those extremes. (LB)