Designed to explore the determinants and long-range consequences of individual mobility in the U.S., the Explorations in Equality of Opportunity Project is a longitudinal survey of 2,077 students who were tested by the Educational Testing Service (ETS) as sophomores in 42 public high schools in 1955 and who were followed up by the Institute for…

In 1968, a random sample of 70 Wesleyan University juniors participated in a study designed to: 1) determine the extent of drug usage among students; 2) investigate the social and psychological characteristics of users and non- users of marijuana; 3) investigate the attitudes and motivations of persons who had reacted differently to the increasing…

AN EXPLORATORY STUDY WAS CONDUCTED ON THE INTERACTION BETWEEN COGNITIVE APTITUDES AND VARIED INSTRUCTIONAL TREATMENTS (TEACHING MATERIALS AND TEACHER METHODS) TO DETERMINE IF LEARNING DIFFICULTIES COULD BE SIGNIFICANTLY MINIMIZED BY ALTERING THE CONTENT OF INSTRUCTIONAL TREATMENTS TO FIT THE COGNITIVE APTITUDE PATTERNS OF INDIVIDUAL LEARNERS. THE…

A return to basic inductive research methods is recommended. Specifically, the scientific method of "strong inference" ought to be applied in attempts to prove hypotheses concerning the relationship that may exist between attitude variables and the learning of a second or foreign language. These hypotheses, drawn from the literature and discussed…

Increasing cumulative grade point average at a public university was found to be caused not by a general relaxing of grading standards, but probably because students are moving away from traditional curricula into courses and degree programs with grading standards reflecting their abilities and/or interests. (Author/LBH)

This book describes the major differences between men and women in cognitive or problem-solving abilities and discusses the possible biological contributions to such differences. The book argues that sex differences in cognitive patterns and in motor skills arose out of complementary evolutionary histories of men and women and that evidence for…

Noting the fascination of both researchers and the general public with possible gender differences in human cognition and whether these differences originate in biology, childhood influences, or cultural stereotypes, this book summarizes research studies on gender differences in cognition. The book examines social and cultural implications of this…

This bulletin is one of a series of publications reporting the findings of investigations undertaken during 1936-37 under the research project in universities of the Office of Education. The project was financed under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935, and conducted in accordance with administrative regulations of the Works Progress…

Investigates the comparative effectiveness of two teaching strategies, large-group and individual/small group singing activities, on kindergartners' developmental music aptitude. Examines improvements in children's singing and musical aptitude in order to ascertain length of time and types of instruction necessary to affect improvement. (MJP)

Argues that educators have not developed curriculum and instruction models tailored to lower-achieving students. Discusses characteristics of lower-achieving students and to teaching methods and instructional materials. Presents suggestions for making history and social studies more relevant for these students. (CFR)

Thirty-six educationally disadvantaged gifted fifth grade students completed a program to reinforce their academic skills in either language arts or mathematics. Compared to controls, subjects showed gains in achievement and aptitude test scores in language arts as well as mathematics and then became eligible for challenging gifted/talented…

The author of EC 604 296 explains the evolution of a pilot project to improve the basic skills and thinking ability of gifted minority children to improve their performance on standardized tests. The paper reviews the effects of the project and notes changes recommended in repeating the program. (JDD)

Developing mathematical talent at the elementary level is a complex issue--one that is influenced by many components. The three main factors are: (1) levels of Math giftedness; (2) teacher background; and (3) appropriate resource materials. Keeping these issues in mind and knowing that each district and, indeed, each student is unique, this…

This quantitative case study explores how race, family background, attitudes, and behaviors are related to achievement disparities among middle school and high school students in Shaker Heights, Ohio. The purpose is to inform the search for ways of raising achievement and reducing disparities. The focal measure of achievement in this study is the…

Experimental second language acquisition research typically investigates the effectiveness of instruction in terms of overall group gains. A particular instructional method may not, however, benefit all learners uniformly. This study, conducted in a New Zealand secondary school, establishes whether there is any relationship between the…