Offers an introduction to the organization and content of a brochure on the development of understanding while hearing (Ecoutez bien. Texte zur Entwicklung des verstehenden Hoerens. Collected by E. Vollmer and L. Pohl. Volk und Wissen, Berlin, 1974). (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)

Indicates that the link between audience attitudes toward the communicator and the type of message may be strong, especially when "bad news" is presented. (RB)

The study assessed responses of elementary grade learning disabled children to ambiguous information from a speaker. It was hypothesized that Ss would be passive listeners, and that they would function less effectively in a situation in which speaker inadequacy necessitated active listener responses. Results supported the hypothesis that learning…

Since all preschool children do not have fully developed listening abilities, a program of musical activities is useful for teachers as a diagnostic tool and as an enjoyable way to improve children's listening skills. A five stage program, involving (1) short span listening, (2) active responses to aural stimuli, (3) creative expression, (4)…

The ability of kindergarten, second and fourth grade children (N=90) to interpret meanings related to two categories of conversational implicature, bridges and flouts, was investigated. Bridges and flouts are types of indirect reply to a speaker's utterances that require a hearer to infer the reply's relevance to the preceeding conversation. Each…

A radio audience survey of 110 sample geographic clusters in the Santa Barbara, California, area served a twofold purpose: the construction of a demographic profile of audience types according to radio format choices, and the identification and analysis of various audience subgroups. A skip interval technique of these geographic clusters resulted…

THE CONCERN OF THIS STUDY WAS THE EFFECT OF SENTENCES OF VARYING STRUCTURAL COMPLEXITY ON PRIMARY GRADE CHILDREN'S ORAL READING, SILENT READING, AND LISTENING COMPREHENSION. THE AUTHOR PREPARED 36 ONE-SENTENCE "STORIES" WHICH VARIED IN STRUCTURAL COMPLEXITY AS ASSESSED BY THE DEPTH HYPOTHESIS OF STRUCTURAL DEPTH (YNGVE, 1960), SECTOR…

SANTA CLARA COUNTY'S GUIDE FOR ENGLISH TEACHERS OF GRADES SEVEN, EIGHT, AND NINE IS ARRANGED AROUND SIX MAJOR GOALS WHICH ENCOURAGE STUDENTS--(1) TO ORGANIZE THE CONTENT OF ORAL LANGUAGE IN RELATION TO PURPOSE AND LISTENER, (2) TO SPEAK EASILY AND EFFECTIVELY IN A VARIETY OF SITUATIONS, (3) TO PARTICIPATE EFFECTIVELY IN DEMOCRATIC DISCUSSION…

The need for adequate language assessment techniques has grown as schools attempt to deal with linguistically different pupils. Many testing procedures have been developed to meet this need; sentence repetition is one such procedure. This paper briefly reviews three issues which have been raised concerning sentence repetition as a language…

Based on the rationale that improved literacy skills in children can be most effectively obtained by first improving their oracy skills (auding and speaking), a special oracy instructional program was developed consisting of a workshop to train teachers in teaching oracy skills, sets of structured stimulus materials for use by teachers in teaching…

The audio-lingual method of foreign language instruction predominant in the United States emphasizes the lingual at the expense of the aural. Language acquisition is viewed as verbal behavior. Instead of a response-oriented learning approach, a stimulus-oriented one should be used, with listening as the focal skill from which speaking would…

This study compared the academic performance, intellectual capacity, listening ability, and study skills of students who participated in programs designed to develop specific learning skills with students who did not participate in the programs with regard to total group, level of intellect, sex, and grade level. Two hundred and ten students,…

This paper describes seven experiments related to human communication research. The first two experiments discuss studies treating the aural responses of listeners. The third experiment was undertaken to estimate the information of sounds and diagrams which might lead to an estimate of the redundancy ascribed to the phonetic structure of words. A…

In this paper the author examines the "encoding-decoding" model of speaking and understanding English. He reviews in detail an objection to the model: that it was specifically designed with a view to incorporating linguistic theories, such as syntax, into it. As a result, what it more or or less accurately represents is the relation…