The probability of recognizing a member of a word pair tested with the pair intact was shown to equal the probability of recognizing a single word plus the probability of recalling an unrecognized word. (Author/NCR)

In three experiments, deaf children, aged 6 years 10 months to 15 years 5 months, were presented with continuous lists of items; for each item, they indicated whether it had appeared before on the list. The findings showed consistently strong semantic effects on word memory of young deaf children. (Author/MV)

Recognition scores of 12 moderately and mildly retarded children (mean ages 13 and 14 years) for positive and negative discriminative stimuli were tested after a single trial through a discrimination problem list. (Author/CL)

Second-graders, fifth-graders, and adults participated in an experiment of cued recall for cue-target picture and word pairs. Results suggested that differences in the encoding of both specific and categorical attribute information contribute to developmental recall differences independently of encoding intent and stimulus modality. (Author/CB)

Investigates the effects of recall vs. reinspection on accuracy in performance on reading comprehension tests; whether factual or inferential questions influence the relative effectiveness of recall versus reinspection; and whether low ability readers gain more from reinspection than better readers. Recommends letting children reinspect text to…

Describes a technique using expository text structures and graphic organizers as the basis for taking notes from content area texts. This technique can be transferred to notetaking during lectures. (RS)

Investigates to what extent discrimination learning through time delay of multistimulus, distinctive-feature prompts is a function of the inclusion and configuration of the S-prompt. Results of two experiments with children aged four and five indicate that most subjects did not learn the task assigned unless two distinctive-feature prompts were…

Two experiments examine the sorts of cues that might be available to facilitate children's ability to discriminate between memories for their own actions. Results suggest that the differences in discrimination performance demonstrate the importance of kinesthetic cues and visible consequences for children's memory discrimination. (Author/RWB)

Study of the probabilistic nature of processing strategies in Dutch/English bilinguals indicated that sentence interpretation in English generally paralleled that in Dutch, with divergence toward similarity in performance by English monolinguals. (Author/CB)

Presents findings of a study of scientists on the Wason four-card selection task, finding little understanding of the effect of disconfirmatory data in assessing conditionals. Found performance influenced by problem content. Explains performance as memory-cueing plus reasoning-by-analogy. (JM)

The differences between good and poor readers using story schema in recall and reconstruction tasks was examined. Results showed that good and poor readers could use a story schema when the story followed canonical format. Conclusions supported the view that poor readers perform quite differently from younger normal children. (Author/JAZ)

The theory of information integration was used to predict that in first impression situations, clothing/physical appearance cues have differential importance depending upon the type of judgment elicited. Female college students (N=104) viewed and responded to slides of colored line drawings of female stimulus persons. Multiple regression of data…

Studies five-year-olds' relative number judgements of small and large number displays with and without perceptual aids. Children were found to respond to local rather than global density differences and to benefit from the provision of perceptual aids on both small and large number displays. (Author/AS)

Two studies examined the extent to which children were able to overcome the misleading implications of questions and respond in accordance with simple classificatory logic. Results were in keeping with theories of pragmatics that stress the role of context in the understanding of meaning. (Author/LMO)

Tests the hypothesis that children's inability to encode item-specific and relational information in episodic events contributes to age differences in recall and recognition. In two experiments, grade school children and college adults were presented with word triplets varying in categorical relatedness. Processing of the item-specific and…