The results of six major projects are discussed including a comprehensive mathematical and statistical analysis of the problems caused by errors of measurement in linear models for assessing change. In a general matrix representation of the problem, several new analytic results are proved concerning the parameters which affect bias in…

Recent developments in dichotomous factor analysis based on multidimensional item response models (Bock and Aitkin, 1981; Muthen, 1978) provide an effective method for exploring the dimensionality of questionnaire items. Implemented in the TESTFACT program, this "full information" item factor analysis accounts not only for the pairwise…

The author has discovered that errors in grades often occur when scores are combined for final marks. These errors are not related to the grading individual assignments. Rather, they occur when teachers at all grade levels bring individual test and assignment scores together for the students' final grades. Unfortunately, professors of mathematics…

Cognitive style research is hindered by a variety of poorly described measures and style classifications and the use of small samples. This study described and compared three group measures of impulsivity/reflectivity, internal/external locus of control; and field dependence/independence to determine the distribution characteristics, psychometric…

Behavioral measurement using untrained organizational members as raters is highly dependent on heuristic or automatic processes. Such processes direct attention, simplify encoding and storage, and guide recall of behavioral information by using pre-existing schema to simplify processing; however, such processing results in systematic rather than…

A major avenue for dissemination of information among members of a profession is via the professional, scholarly literature published in the major journals within a field. If the role of the school psychologist is changing, this change should be reflected in the current literature. An earlier study traced the published issues and concerns…

This volume, one in a series on modern language testing, collects four essays dealing with current approaches to lanquage testing. The introduction traces the development of language testing theory and examines the role of linguistics in this area. "The Psycholinguistic Basis," by E. Ingram, discusses some interpretations of the term…

Educational assessment tools are used for accountability; selection and licensure, and to measure the effects of instruction for student diagnosis and treatment. Psychometric instruments currently in use are flawed in two ways: they attempt to rank people on fundamentally multidimensional traits, and the problem of the validity of these…

THE DEVELOPMENTAL HYPOTHESIS OF THE SUBSTRATA-FACTOR THEORY WAS TESTED BY DETERMINING WHETHER SUBSTRATA FACTORS AT SUCCESSIVELY HIGHER GRADE LEVELS HAVE SYSTEMATIC CHANGES IN MAGNITUDE AND/OR ORGANIZATIONAL POSITION. A BATTERY OF TESTS WAS ADMINISTERED TO 927 STUDENTS IN GRADES 3 THROUGH 6 FROM 6 SCHOOLS IN CALIFORNIA. THE TESTS MEASURED MENTAL…

The current stage in an on-going research program of student learning is summarized. With two more years to run, provisional research provides the beginnings of a model of student learning which is neither static nor mechanistic. Recent research has placed emphasis on describing how students learn and how learning is affected by the academic…

As expressed in this essay, the basic aim of pedagogical research on teaching methods should be to describe existing practices and to work out theories which will allow researchers to explain the causal relationships leading to extant teaching practices, which in their own turn reinforce the existing educational pattern. Research in the area of…

The purpose of this trainer's manual is to teach drug abuse counselors: (1) the kinds of background information needed to assess a client; (2) how to interview clients to obtain the necessary information; (3) how to write up a case history; and (4) how to design individualized treatments. This trainer's manual is organized into three major…

This paper outlines a model of psychometric needs assessment developed by the author and discusses how the model, which is designed to profile key abilities and weaknesses, could be applied to the needs assessment, counseling, and training of middle and senior executives. A pilot study on 130 middle management executives is examined in conjunction…

Further research on the College Student Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSSQ) is reported herein (see TM 000 049). Item responses of two groups of university students were separately analyzed by three different factor analytic methods. Three factors consistently appeared across groups and methods: Compensation, Social Life, and Working Conditions. Two…

A compilation of 165 references dealing with short term memory, this bibliography supplements "Short-Term Memory: An Annotated Bibliography" (August 1968). The time period covered is predominantly June 1968 to June 1969. Such aspects and topics as psychometrics, motivation, human engineering, vision, auditory perception, verbal and nonverbal…