The language the Negro child brings with him to school has a linguistic structure which is clearly distinguishable from that of standard English. His language is not a defective form of speech. There is, however, what Labov calls, "reciprocal ignorance," a mutual lack of comprehension for the other's language system. Writing is a secondary symbol…

The development, design, and purposes of these advanced proficiency tests are discussed, along with brief descriptions of their seven component parts--listening comprehension, speaking, reading, writing, applied linguistics, civilization and culture, and professional preparation. Some of the research inspired by the tests is identified. (AF)

Two bibliographies, each of which is divided into two parts, provide information on reading in the content areas of language arts and literature. The first part contains abstracts of documents selected from six basic ERIC/CRIER references. The second part lists annotated materials from a seventh reference in order to provide access to literature…

This experiment was designed to determine how oral report activities, following exposure to an informative message, can influence children's retention of topical and factual information from the message. The message was a prose passage about modes of transportation. Second grade students (N=51) were subjects. A third of the children presented oral…

This book is based on the following assumptions: there are recognized skills of decoding that are essential to the reading act; these skills can be identified by the knowledgeable reading teacher; there is a level of reading at which every child can best be taught; and reading comprehension is comprehension of the lexical and syntactical elements…

This booklet consists of guidelines for teaching language usage and skills, oral and written composition, and listening in the fourth, fifth, and sixth grades. A statement of approach introduces the three main sections of the guide. In the first section, programs are detailed in charts under the following four categories for each of the three…

Standardized norm-referenced tests have been much maligned in recent years. They differ from criterion referenced tests in that the latter involve assessment in comparison to an absolute standard or specific performance objective while in a norm-referenced test assessment is made in comparison to other students taking the same test. Standardized…

This paper presents a schema developed to investigated story recall in elementary school children, and describes the results of a study which tested the schema with first and fifth graders. The story schema, a theoretical model which formally defines the types of strategies, operations, and structures inherent in the processor of story…

This study was conducted to determine the extent to which the use of certain Black English features and standard English features in a school setting related to the oral reading, the silent reading, and the listening comprehension levels of poor black children. Five hypotheses were tested, and to investigate these hypotheses, 65 black boys and 65…

This program, begun in 1968 and included in "Effective Reading Programs...," serves about 2,800 students in grades 10-12. A secondary reading skills chart was developed, behavioral objectives were written, and minimal-competency tests in both reading and sriting were prepared. During the school year, all skills listed on the chart are…

The monograph contains two papers. The first presents a generative grammar for verbal forms in French. It consists of an ordered set of rewrite rules and a set of tables. It generates all existing verbal forms without generating any non-existing ones. The departure from an ordinary generative grammar lies in the use of a tabular form for…

This book provides a sequence of 10 skill-building games and follow-up activities (beginning with "Getting Acquainted" and ending with "Arriving at a Consensus") designed to give students necessary practice in proper discussion techniques. Fifteen remedial exercises to treat such weaknesses as extreme aggressiveness or a habit of straying from the…

The communications program developed by Markham Elementary School personnel of Pompano Beach, Florida, is planned so as to utilize fully the diagnostic and team approach to learning. Instruction in communications skills (reading, listening, speaking, writing, handwriting, and spelling) is structured by sequential achievement phases which allow the…

This state curriculum guide is intended to provide Alaskan secondary school language art teachers with a sequential instructional program designed to meet the need of students in all aspects of language arts in grades 9-12. After an introductory statement on the use of the guide and a discussion of the needs and characteristics of youth, the guide…

Fifth-grade and college students in two experiments listened to tape-recorded sentences and completed tests of immediate recall. The first experiment investigated the effect of a listener's expectations upon his understanding of a sentence. Sometimes the "most probable" answer was not congruent with the "correct" answer, suggesting that the…