Approaches to improving students' skills in reading social studies materials are presented in this book. The first chapter discusses reading problems and orientations to reading in the social studies. The remaining three chapters deal with three problem areas: making a suitable match between pupil reading abilities and instructional materials,…

The reading research contributions discussed in this survey are arranged under the following headings: reading standards and tests, dyslexia and specific reading retardation, remedial and reading provision, reading development, and materials and reading interests. Each section summarizes research and findings in that area of study during 1975.…

Twenty-nine kindergarten children judged to have weak or inadequate psychomotor abilities affecting their acquisition of written language participated in a psychomotor training program. The program used rhythmic, optic, phonemic, kinesthetic, and melodic exercises to attempt to facilitate the children's language acquisition and thus to improve…

To determine whether the Frayer Model of Concept Attainment, which uses a systemic procedure for defining concepts and which structures materials in a manner designed to facilitate comprehension for both good and poor readers, is superior to a method of defining concepts employed by many social studies textbooks, a study involving 360 ninth…

This collection provides a number of perspectives on the central role that language plays in reading comprehension. Following an introduction by the editor, entitled "Attention and Individual Differences in Comprehension," the following papers are presented: (1) "The Line of Sight Approach," by Norman H. Mackworth; (2)…

Three psycho-social variables, identified as modeling influences of children's fathers, children's sex-typing of reading, and their judgmental conformity were investigated as possible correlates of reading achievement in grades one, two, and three. The subjects were 226 children from the first, second and third grades, all of whom came from…

This paper reports findings of research done concerning the productivity of types of classroom reading instruction in a sample of New York State elementary classrooms. Data was gathered from approximately 5,800 fourth, fifth, and sixth grade students in five New York State school districts during the spring semester of the 1974-75 school year. The…

The competence of school-aged, black children in standard English (SE) grammatical forms, specifically, six verb structures that distinguish Black English from SE, is the focus of this study. The subjects were 198 kindergarten, first-grade, and second-grade black children who attend four Title I schools in the New York City metropolitan area.…

This study compares the effect of the objectives-based test collections of the Instructional Objectives Exchange (10X) on reading comprehension and word-attack skills of fifth-grade students in a basal reader program. The 10X, a nonprofit educational organization, was established in the late 1960s to provide educators with instructional materials…

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of 22 principles of small-group instruction of young children. The principles dealt only with teacher behavior in managing instruction in the small-group setting and were organized in two major sections. Items described as organization and management concerned getting the children's…

A comprehensive assessment of Right to Read programs in Illinois is provided in this final report. The chapter headed "Purposes of the Report" includes a description of the development of evaluation rationale and design, presentation of findings and products, and format for provision of conclusions, implications, and recommendations.…

A personalized reading program for children in the elementary grades is described. The program consists of three interrelated parts: self-selection and sharing of books, skill development according to individual needs, and individual teacher-pupil discussion and evaluation conferences. Sustained silent reading, oral reading once a week to the…

A total of 138 middle-class first graders in two parochial schools were studied to determine whether a phonics reading approach was superior to a contextual reading approach in reading achievement, whether auditory learners achieve in reading to a greater extent than visual learners, and whether auditory or visual learners achieve in one program…

This selective bibliography is one of nine documents compiled to provide titles and descriptions of useful and informative reading documents which were indexed into the ERIC system from 1966 to 1974. The 280 entries in this section of the bibliography concern the reading process and are arranged alphabetically by author in one of the following…

Reading requires the synthesis of auditory and visual skills and therefore involves almost all of the brain. Stages of reading include prereading skills (requiring an adequate spoken vocabulary), the ability to name letters and pictures, good memory for spoken sentences, and manual dexterity in copying patterns. Learning to read involves the…