This paper examines gender messages within television advertisements. Society is shaped by the suggestions of television advertisers who influence consumers' beliefs on how people should look or act, and many of these advertisements perpetuate stereotypes. Any consideration of the influence of gender stereotyping within TV advertising must first…

The existence of a math/science "ipieline" in public schooling is well documented in which the number of female students, students with lower socioeconomic status, and students of color in proportion to white males in advanced math and science progressively shrinks during high school. As part of an ongoing gender equity project, separate versions…

Guidelines are presented for evaluating instructional materials with regard to racist, sexist, cultural, religious, economic, and other bias. Schools play a significant role in promoting or negating societal points of view. Although no attempt is made to prepare an exhaustive list of indicators of bias, examples are given of bias through…

For much of its history, America has been waging war against many of its poor people. Chapters 1 through 4 of this book discuss the labeling of the poor as morally inferior, which has increased in the last 15 years, blames them falsely for the ills of the American society and economy, reinforces their mistreatment, increases their misery, and…

Interviews with 209 African Americans in a number of United States cities are the basis for a discussion of the black middle-class experience. Although middle-class African Americans appear to have secured the promises of the American dream, conversations make it apparent that they have experienced discrimination and hatred from Whites. The…

Background information about gender inequity is provided, and the assertion is made that educators must recognize that many of the problems females encounter are begun and perpetuated in the schools. Visual literacy is part of the change that schools must make in order to make greater strides toward gender equity. Two connections between visual…

This position paper argues that sex discrimination still exists in education although Title IX legislation in 1972 and other subsequent legislation prohibits sex discrimination in educational programs that receive federal funds. Greater awareness of gender issues is needed along with an understanding of strategies for change. The Fastback offers a…

Using the methods of cultural criticism to analyze the images of Blacks prevalent in American popular culture, this book examines possible connections between the finite and often distorted range of depictions of Blacks, especially prevalent in the mass media, to the treatment that they receive in contemporary society. The book looks at the way…

This Australian study examined the attitudes of preservice early childhood teachers toward their male colleagues working in child care centers or preschool kindergartens. The study also investigated differences in perspectives between new students and graduating students, and whether students enrolled in child care courses held views different…

This paper examines some cultural misconceptions about young adolescents, describes the outcomes of this distortion, and offers suggestions for the ways in which curriculum can begin to liberate and empower them. Given that early adolescents in the United States are neglected, ignored, stereotyped, and negatively affected by certain social forces,…

A series of three studies examined the validity of certain features of computer person and non-computer person stereotypes, including gender, academic achievement, communication apprehension, and receiver apprehension. First a pilot study developed a computer attitude estimate (CAE) scale and survey method. Subjects were 47 high school students…

This book presents a comparative analysis of racial attitudes within formal schooling of both Britain and its former dominions and colonies. It provides essays that examine racism, education, and imperialism, and focuses on the function of education, curriculum, and textbooks in shaping imperial images of dominance and deference. The following…

The primary purpose of this research was to identify perceived barriers affecting African-American and Caucasian female administrators' career mobility/advancement in education, business/industry, and government in Minnesota. The study explored women's perceptions of the effects that race/gender discrimination and gender underrepresentation have…

This paper discusses three aspects of bias crimes against sexual minorities: (1) perpetration rates among young adults; (2) perpetrators' motivations; and (3) factors that prevent some people from committing hate crimes. In an anonymous survey of 484 students at 6 community colleges: one in 10 respondents admitted physical violence or threats…

The Focus Study, conducted by the National Council of La Raza's Poverty Project, used structured discussions by focus groups to examine Mexican American women's opinions, needs, and attitudes as they relate to the implementation of the 1988 Family Support Act (FSA). FSA's primary objective is to move people off welfare through education, training,…