Since most college programs are designed for young people, new programs need to be developed that overcome personal and institutional barriers, including sex-role stereotyping and sex-role socialization, that restrict returning women's educational opportunities on the college campus. This project establishes a model low-cost, self-perpetuating…

The first section of this paper focuses on misunderstandings surrounding two of the proposals for changing sexist aspects of the English language, namely, avoiding the use of masculine pronouns (he, his, him, himself) with alleged sex-indefinite reference, and replacing the word and morpheme "man" with "person" in sex-indefinite usage. Several…

Studies in the development of sexist language can provide insights into diachronic change in word meanings. Since semantic features are intimately related to the cultural and social matrices they represent, semantic change can be predicted on the basis of cultural constants as well as cultural changes. Prehistoric cultures can be reconstructed by…

Both internal and external barriers prevent women from utilizing equal opportunity. Counselors, teachers, administrators, and researchers must understand the guidance needs of women so that they can help them overcome these barriers. Career and cognitive development theories require individuals to pass through several stages, and according to…

A study was made of the impact of nonsexist toys and games on the occupational aspirations and attitudes of kindergarten and fourth-grade children. It was hypothesized that children who play with toys and games that suggest "non-sex-biased" career options would be less likely to hold to traditional occupational expectations. Children in…

Educators can help students recognize the value of the motion picture as a social influence by exposing them to film stereotyping and the effect of this distortion on society. A historical study of the film image of the Negro will show him emerging from a humorous, fearful, "perverted" character in early films to "an unfortunate member of society"…

A project was conducted to identify the nature and extent of sex role stereotyping in the Williamsport Area Community College. Using examination methods which could be replicated by other institutions, the project documented instances of sex role stereotyping in college procedures and materials which can affect students' career and educational…

The literature on sex-related differences in leadership behavior was reviewed in order to explore underlying factors. Currently there exist several models of male leadership in small groups, but no models of human leadership which represent the experiences of women in same sex and mixed sex groups. Key considerations for constructing such a model…

A 1974 study surveyed the ethnic and multicultural content in prescribed elementary and secondary curricula used across Canada during the 1974-75 school year. Data sources were the documents for social studies, social science, and history programs published by the provincial and territorial departments of education; correspondence provided…

Twelve instructional modules for Project BECOMING were administered to an undergraduate class of elementary education majors as part of their social studies methods course, in order to promote sex blindness, prevent sex-role stereotyping, and develop teachers who were supportive of students trying out new roles. The modules included: Values…

This paper presents a multi-faceted study of interactions between teachers and children in four first grade classrooms. Research and theory related to teacher behavior, child development, teacher-student interactions, the classroom environment and the social context of schools and communities are reviewed. Previous research which has portrayed the…

The major objective of this work is to test the heuristic value of the combination of certain aspects of cognitive theory and aspects stressing the social nature of ethnic groups and their boundary maintenance functions. The first section of the paper is a discussion of the cognitive theoretical approaches to anthropology of Goffman, Barth, Le…

The document is based upon three two-day regional seminar workshops and one national invitational seminar workshop on women in the world of work held during 1973-74 and designed to further the professional development of vocational-technical education leaders. The first section contains three parts: (1) Introduction, discussing the social and…

This review focuses on women in educational administration as compared with men in the same field. The author recognizes sex discrimination as a historical fact and begins by discussing some of the current psychological effects of cultural conditioning. She then examines the role of the counselor dealing with high school seniors who express an…

Scholastic achievements of high school students and the impact which these achievements have on adolescents' feelings of personal worth are examined. Nine hundred and thirty-four subjects from nine Iowa secondary schools participated in the study. The hypothesis that in high academic achievers more positive self-concept scores are found among…