Describes five categories of computer programs useful for content area reading instruction: utility programs, word processing, simulations, telecommunications for access to a database, and story architecture. (HOD)

The EM algorithm is used to derive maximum likelihood estimates for item parameters of the two-parameter logistic item response curves. The observed information matrix is then used to approximate the covariance matrix of these estimates. Simulated data are used to compare the estimated and actual item parameters. (Author/BW)

Description of encoding of art works and digitization of paintings to preserve and restore them reviews experiments which used chromatic selection and abstraction as a painting restoration method. This method utilizes the numeric processing resulting from digitization to restore a painting and computer simulation to shorten the restoration…

Describes and lists a program for Apple Pascal Version 1.1 which investigates the behavior of the bicarbonate-carbon dioxide buffer system in acid-base disorders. Designed specifically for the preclinical medical student, the program has proven easy to use and enables students to use blood gas parameters to arrive at diagnoses. (DH)

Describes and reviews commercially-available computer software for social studies (SS). They are: "Jury Trial II" (utilizes artificial intelligence); "Africa" (utilizes creative graphics to teaching SS facts; "Revolutions: Past, Present and Future"; "The Other Side" (examines world peace using values…

Suggests new method of external distribution called tree partitioning that involves use of binary tree to split incoming file into successively smaller partitions for internal sorting. Number of disc accesses during a tree-partitioning sort were calculated in simulation using files extracted from British National Bibliography catalog files. (19…

Investigators have suggested that faculty attitudes toward diagnostic testing may encourage inappropriate laboratory use. Those attitudes were determined from case simulations prepared by the faculty for senior medical student examinations. Faculty indifference to tests with limited usefulness may be perceived by students as permission for their…

Seven possible applications of microcomputers in high school science programs are discussed. They include computers as calculators, computers as black-box number crunchers, computers for teaching computer literacy, computers as blackboards, computer-assisted instruction, computer simulations, and process control. (JN)

Discusses several ways in which computers are being used in sociology and how they continue to change this discipline. Areas considered include data collection, data analysis, simulations of social processes based on mathematical models, and problem areas (including standardization concerns, training, and the financing of computing facilities).…

Describes a computer-based Wilderness Travel Simulation Model that reduces the complexity of the outdoor system under study, allows students to act as managers (devising and testing their own management strategies), and increases student exposure to characteristics of actual park and wilderness areas. Two scenarios of recreational use patterns are…

Presents a lesson strategy in which students encounter the simulated decision making situation of having to help Ferdinand Magellan plan and choose the food for his voyage around the world in 1519. It is demonstrated that this simulation combines knowledge of geography with economics, health science, and consumer awareness. (MBR)

Faced with beginning the school year without the necessary chemicals for experiments in a newly adopted chemistry textbook, a department chairperson conceived the idea of supplementing the textbook with simulated experiments on microcomputers. The methodology used to select the appropriate software is described, with suggestions for some new…

Hospital ethics committees are unknown entities. The composition of the group, the tasks and cases they address, their jurisdiction and legal status, and the group dynamics that evolve within them play a major role in resolving ethical disputes. A role-playing exercise was devised that simulates an ethics committee. (MLW)

Discusses the implementation of the "Science in Society" project into Oxfordshire schools. The place of the course in sixth form schools, teacher attitudes about the course, local school initiatives, ways of overcoming problems in teaching the course, and other topics are addressed. (JN)

In this unit, elementary students are involved in many activities that introduce them to the basics of anthropology and archaeology. They interpret artifacts and record and interpret archaeological data, learn about environmental indicators and the significance of archaeological findings, and study conservation. The unit's culminating activity is…